Digestive System.2 Flashcards
What are the lips made of?
skin
muscles
upper lip- philtrum division
cranial nerve VII- facial
What is the function of the lips?
prehension
What lines the whole oral cavity?
MM layer, covers hard palate- extends over soft tissue flap- soft palate
What is the function of the cheek?
moves food around the mouth, during mastication
What type of muscle is the tongue made out of?
striated muscle fibres, hyoid bone
What are the special receptor cells in the tongue?
gustation, taste buds
What cranial nerve is the tongue innervated by?
hypoglossal XII
What is the tongue used in?
prehension
drinking
thermoregulation- panting
vocalisation
What increases blood volume in the skin during thermoregulation?
local vasodilation
How does thermoregulation work in the tongue?
blood carries temp, saliva evaporates, carries heat away- tachypnoea aids heat loss
What are the features of the dorsal surface (tongue)?
dorsal, arranged in rough papillae- assists food size/ grooming
What is the underside of the tongue paired with?
sublingual veins and arteries
What is the function of the salivary glands?
produce saliva
What are the 4 main types of salivary glands?
parotid, mandibular, sublingual, zygomatic
What is the membrane in the gum?
gingival membrane/ periodontal
Inflammation of gingiva
gingivitis
What type of digestion is chewing and mastication?
mechanical
Pulp (tongue structure)
contains blood capillaries/ vessels/ nerves/lymphatics- nerves travel through apical foramen
Enamel-
shiny white outer covering
Dentine-
main part of tooth
Cement-
holds tooth firmly in gum
Crown-
above gum
Root-
below gum, within alveolus
What is the alveolus held to bone by?
periodontal ligament
