Neonatal Care.2

Question 1

What are the considerations of neonatal care with hypoxia?

Answer 1

impaired ability to manage heart rate, high metabolic demands
C section- anaesthesia can depress respiratory function
Supplementary oxygen should be provided- incubator, oxygen tent

Question 2

What are the considerations of neonatal care with hypothermia?

Answer 2

compromised thermoregulation, dependent on dam ambient temp- 48hrs

Question 3

What temperature do neonatals have after birth?

Answer 3

35’C-37’C- lower than adults at birth

Question 4

What are nursing interventions for hypothermia?

Answer 4

natural body heat from dams/queens mammary glands keep neonates warm
25-30’C nesting area
heat pads (careful consideration)
feeding- warm food

Question 5

How do you assess for hypoglycaemia and dehydration?

Answer 5

urinalysis- dipstick, glucose levels
glucometer- checks sugars in blood

mentation
hypothermia- not enough glucose to break down for energy
bodyweight- daily 5-10%dw/pday
diarrhoea- leads to dehydration without treatment
PCV- lost water, result will increase

Question 6

What are the considerations of neonatal care with hypoglycaemia and dehydration?

Answer 6

encourage to feed, milk substitute
intravenously/ intraossesous- fluids in blood stream

saline (NaCl 0.9%) solution over lactate, contains solutions (hartmann’s)- should consider as liver is immature

Question 7

What percent do all neonatal deaths occur within 3 days?

Answer 7

50%

Question 8

What is the first fluid from the mammary glands called?

Answer 8

colostrum

Question 9

When must colostrum be consumed (Dogs and Cats)?

Answer 9

Dogs: 24hrs
Cats: 16hrs

Question 10

How should neonatal quarters should be treated?

Answer 10

isolation ward, reduced risk of infection- weakened immune system- hygiene is paramount

Question 11

How do you assess for hypoxia?

Answer 11

pale MM- oral and vulval
heart rate- tachycardia (pushing oxygen in blood to tissues)
respiratory rate- tachypnoea (quicker to tissues)
mentation- oxygen deprived brain not BAR

Question 12

What range of a neonate is usually on a PCV?

Answer 12

lower than normal
cats: 24-45
dogs: 37-55

Question 13

What is important to consider during neonatal resuscitation?

Answer 13

closer observations and oxygen therapy
asytole (indicated around 200bpm)
apnoea (jen chung acupuncture point)
intubate
close-fitting mask

Question 14

What are normal parameters of neonatal heart rate?

Answer 14

200-250bpm

Question 15

What are normal parameters of neonatal resp rate?

Answer 15

10-20rpm

Question 16

What drugs can be used during resuscitation?

Answer 16

adrenaline (epinephrine)- stimulates hr, increasing stroke volume given intravenously

doxapram- stimulates spontaneous respiration, given subling/ IV
use controversial increases metabolic demands of brain