Comparative Digestion.2

Question 1

What is bile produced by?

Answer 1

liver- stored in gall bladder

Question 2

What does bile do to fat?

Answer 2

emulsifies fat, ready for digestion

Question 3

Where is bile secreted?

Answer 3

duodenum via bile duct

Question 4

What pH is bile?

Answer 4

alkaline- neutralises stomach acid (hydrochloric)

Question 5

What is bile made out of?

Answer 5

bile salts/ bilirubin- produced by RBC breakdown

Question 6

What are the features of the Large Intestine?

Answer 6

shorter than small intestine, no villi/ digestive glands
no goblet cells

Question 7

What is the role of goblet cells?

Answer 7

secrete mucous

Question 8

What are the 4 parts of the large intestine?

Answer 8

caecum, colon, rectum, anal sphincter

Question 9

Caecum-

Answer 9

joins ileum at ileocaecal junction

Question 10

Colon-

Answer 10

water, vitamins, electrolytes absorbed

Question 11

Rectum-

Answer 11

through pelvic cavity- held by connective tissue

Question 12

Anal Sphincter-

Answer 12

made up of internal/ external anal sphincter

Question 13

Internal Sphincter control?

Answer 13

involuntary- smooth muscle

Question 14

External Sphincter control?

Answer 14

voluntary- striated muscle

Question 15

How are products of digestion taken to the liver?

Answer 15

hepatic portal vein

Question 16

Portosystemic shunt-

Answer 16

when HP vein bypasses liver

Question 17

What are some functions of the liver?

Answer 17

regulation of amino acids, production of urea/ new proteins
destruction of RBCs and formation of new ones

Question 18

What are all proteins made up of?

Answer 18

amino acids

Question 19

What liver functions are via the hepatic portal vein?

Answer 19

carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism- macronutrients

Question 20

What slows down peristalsis?

Answer 20

opioids