FAC34: Bovine Teat Diseases Flashcards
What are the different types of bovine teat diseases?
Infectious of the teat SKIN
Non-infectious of the teat
Teat injuries/obstructions
What does papillomatosis look like?
Warts - rice grain type or more florid projecting warts
What makes papillomatosis a difficult milking disease?
It acts as a mechanical interference with milking and harbour bacteria
How do you treat teat warts?
Self-limiting in most cases, but you can ligature or rubber ring or snip off, or cryosurgery
What virus is responsible for herpes mammillitis?
Bovine herpesvirus 2
What makes herpes mammillitis difficult for milking?
The cow develops vesicles then ulcers which are painful and made worse by milking machinery
How do you treat herpes mammillitis?
Treat symptomatically with udder cream and control spread by parlous hygiene using iodophor based teat dips
What is the aetiology of pseudocowpox?
Parapoxvirus
Is pseudocowpox zoonotic?
Yes
What does pseudocowpox look like?
Raised papules then healing scabs
How do you treat pseudocowpox?
None. Control through parlour hygiene and teat disinfection
What is another name for udder impetigo?
Necrotic dermatitis
What is necrotic dermatitis caused by?
Staphylococci spp and is associated with poor environmental conditions or skin trauma (allowing the infection)
How do you treat udder impetigo?
Based on cleaning and topical application of antiseptic udder cream or occasionally systemic antibiotic
May be secondary to udder oedema
Which cows usually get udder oedema?
Primiparous heifers close to calving
How do you treat udder oedema?
Usually resolves when lactation starts
If it doesn’t, induce with corticosteroids
What are teat chaps?
aka Summer sores
Traumatic lesions caused by poor milking machine function or in beef cows - aggressive suckling
Flies will exacerbate the lesions
How do you treat teat chaps?
Symptomatic topical treatment, remove cause, and manage against flies
What causes hyperkeratosis?
Caused by poor milking machine function and can be risk factor for mastitis
How do you measure the degree of hyperkeratosis?
Teat end scoring
What is the cause of blackspot?
It is a secondary infection caused by fusibacterium necrophorum
How do you treat teat lacerations?
Most are treated conservatively with topical creams but surgery can be attempted if it is a FRESH WOUND
Why should treating a teat end injury be done with lots of consideration?
There is a high risk of developing mastitis
How do you treat a teat end obstruction caused by a flap of skin?
Use sterile hypodermic needle or teat knife - may need canula inserted while healing
What are the different types of acquired teat obstructions? What causes them?
Caused by mucosal proliferation/granulation
Teat peas/floaters or Pencil Obstruction
How do you treat a teat pea?
Enlarge teat orifice and squeeze
Use teat instruments
What are the infectious causes of teat diseases?
Papilllomatosis
Herpes mamillits
Pseudocowpox
Bluetongue
Cowpox and vesicular stomatitis
Udder impetigo
Necrotic dermatitis
What are some non-infectious disease of teat skin?
Udder oedema
Photosensitisation
Teat chaps
Milking machine induced lesions
Teat lacerations
Teat cistern obstructions
What is the cause of a pencil obstruction?
Follow diffuse teat trauma leading to a chronic granulomatous reaction of the teat mucosa. Milk will only flow in a very small amount and a firm pencil like obstruction can be palpated in the teat cistern.
