exxam prep Flashcards
this system is responsible for storing minerals, including calcium (CA2+) and giving support
skeletal
this type of lipid contains two fatty acid chains and a phosphate group
phospholipid (pic)
which organic molecule is pictured
monosaccharide (pic)
this tissue has an apical surface and basement membrane
epithelial (pic)
which organic molecule has the monomer nucleotide
nucleic acid (pic)
this organelle is responsible for detoxifying the cell
peroxisome (pic)
this is the building block of protein polymers
amino acids (pic)
which organic molecule is hydrophobic
lipids (pic)
DNA and RNA differ in that RNA contains the base _______, whereas DNA contains the base ______.
uracil, thymine
this tissue can be either voluntary or involuntary
muscle (pic)
name region 8
hypogastric (pic of body regions in abdominal area)
this system is responsible for the production and regulation of hormones
endocrine
this nucleic acid is the energy molecule of the cell
ATP
name region 9
sural (pic of body parts)
the plantar region is ______ to the patellar region
distal
this tissue binds organs together, sup[ports and protects other tissue
connective
saturated or unsaturated?
unsaturated (pic of the molecule from slides)
the polysaccharide found in human tissue
glycogen
if a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, water will
enter the cell
the organelle that generates the mitotic spindle during mitosis is the
centrosome
______ is “cell drinking”, the engulfing of extracellular fluids into a vesicle
pinocytosis
the _______ is the organelle responsible for protein production, which occurs during ______.
ribosome, translation
during which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate
anaphase
chemical->_________->_______->_________->organ system->organismal
cellular, tissue, organ
chemical->_________->_______->_________->organ system->organismal
cellular, tissue, organ
The cell structure that increases surface area (pictured). Found in the small intestine
microvilli
This tissue type lines the bladder and is highly distensible.
transitional epithelium (pictured)
Tissue that composes the lining of the esophagus and has a protective function (pictured)
non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
This tissue type resists pulling in one direction and is found in tendons and ligaments (pictured)
dense regular connective tissue
This molecule is an organic catalyst.
Enzyme (pictured)
above
superior
below
inferior
toward the front
anterior/ventral
toward the back
posterior/dorsal
toward midline
medial
away from midline
lateral
closer to the point of attachment
proximal
farther from the point of attachment
distal
closer to the surface
superficial
further from the surface
deep
cut that divides the body into anterior and posterior halves
frontal section
Cut that divides the body into superior and inferior halves
transverse section
Section that cuts the body into equal left and right halves
midsagittal section
Section that cuts the body into left and right portions
sagittal section
Cuts the body at an angle
oblique section
lying face down
prone position
lying on the back
supine position
The position with the body erect with the arms at the sides and the palms forward.
anatomical position
head
cephalic
skull
cranial
face
facial
neck
cervical
armpit
axillary
upper arm
brachial
forearm
antebrachial
anterior surface of elbow
antecubital
wrist
carpal
fingers/toes
digital/phalangeal
thigh
femoral
forehead
frontal
temple
temporal
eye
orbital
ear
otic
cheek
buccal
nose
nasal
mouth
oral
chin
mental
breastbone/sternum
sternal
breast
mammary
chest
thoracic
naval
umbilical
hip
coxal
abdomen
abdominal
pelvis
pelvic
groin
inguinal
genital region
pubic
thumb
pollex
knee
patellar
side of the leg
fibular
leg
front crural/ back sural
foot
pedal
ankle
tarsal
great toe
hallux
back of head
occipital
point or top of shoulder
acromial
shoulder blade
scapular
spinal column
vertebral
back of elbow
olecranal / cubital
area between hips
sacral
tailbone
coccygeal
lower back
lumbar
buttock
gluteal
region between the anus and external genitalia
perineal
back of the knee
popliteal
sole of the foot
plantar
heel
calcanea
contains the brain and spinal cord
dorsal cavity
contains the brain
cranial cavity
contains the spinal cord
vertebral / spinal cavity
thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
ventral cavity
superior area of ventral body cavity
thoracic cavity
body cavity that surrounds the lungs
pleural cavity
surrounds the heart
pericardial cavity
Centrally located space between the lungs; contains the heart, trachea, and major vessels
mediastinum
Subdivided into abdominal and pelvic cavities
abdominopelvic cavity
Contains primarily the major organs of digestion
abdominal cavity
Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum.
pelvic cavity
Upper lateral regions beneath the ribs
hypochondriac region
Between the ribs and the flaring portions of the hip bones.
lumbar region
Region overlying the superior parts of the hip bones
iliac region
Upper middle region of the abdominopelvic cavity
epigastric region
The central region of the abdominopelvic cavity
umbilical region
The lower middle region of the abdominopelvic cavity
hypogastric region
Gall stones; liver dysfunction found in
RUQ
Pancreatitis found in
LUQ
Diverticulitis/ovarian cyst found in
LLQ
Appendicitis/ovarian cyst
RLQ
The coxal region is _____________ to the crural region.
proximal
The temporal region is _____________ to the buccal region.
superior
On the arm, the dorsum is _____________ to the cubital region.
distal
The pericardial cavity lies within the _____________ cavity.
thoracic
The umbilical region is _____________ to the antecubital region.
medial
The brachial region is _____________ to the antebrachial region.
proximal
The thoracic cavity is _____________ to the diaphragm.
superior
The abdominal cavity is _____________ to the pelvic cavity.
superior
A _____________ plane divides the body into unequal right and left portions.
parasagittal
The spine is _____________ to the ribs.
posterior
The cranial and spinal cavities lie within the _____________ cavity.
dorsal
A _____________ plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions.
frontal
The patellar region is _____________ to the popliteal region.
anterior
The axillary region is _____________ to the carpal region.
proximal
The ribs are _____________ to the lungs.
superficial
The coccygeal region is _____________ to the sacral region.
inferior
The cubital region is _____________ to the acromial region.
distal
The otic region is _____________ to the ocular region.
lateral
The spine is _____________ to the heart.
posterior
The sternal region is _____________ to the pericardial cavity.
superficial
The liver is _____________ to the gallbladder
superior
The pollex region is _____________ to the digital region.
lateral
he pollex region is _____________ to the antecubital region.
distal
The lumbar region is _____________ to the cephalic region.
inferior
The spinal cavity is _____________ to the thoracic cavity.
posterior
The antebrachial region is _____________ to the palmar region.
proximal
The patellar region is _____________ to the femoral region.
distal
The heart is _____________ to the left lung.
medial
The thoracic cavity is _____________ to the cranial cavity.
inferior
The liver is ______________ to the small intestine.
superior
the body’s speedy, electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems.
nervous system
The only type of cell in the human body that contains a flagellum is a sperm cell.
true statement
A group of three nucleotides on a DNA or mRNA molecule that codes for a particular amino acid is called a(n) ___________.
codon
The anticodon is located on the
tRNA.
The cytoplasm is the term for
the cytosol plus cell organelles.
The major function of the ribosomes is to:
synthesize proteins.
The final stage of mitosis is
telophase.
A CGT base triplet on DNA is copied into mRNA as
GCA.
When a solution has the same concentration of water molecules and solutes as a red blood cell, it is considered a(n) __________ solution.
isotonic
The movement of molecules across a plasma membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration requires
cellular energy and integral proteins.
A red blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution
gains water
The plasma membrane consists of
phospholipids
cholesterol
proteins
The packaging and sorting of proteins is the function of the
Golgi complex
The lipid bilayer is permeable to all of the following substances EXCEPT steroids amino acids. oxygen. water. fat-soluble vitamins.
** amino acids.
During interphase, a cell replicates its DNA and does most of its growing.
true
During interphase, a cell replicates its DNA and does most of its growing.
true
In passive transport, the net result is molecules move from a lower to a higher concentration.
True or False:
false and incorrect word is passive
The human somatic cells contain __________ chromosomes.
46
Facilitated diffusion requires a membrane carrier protein and cellular energy.
false and incorrect word in cellular energy
outer part of the cell that separates the cell’s internal environment from its external environment
plasma membrane
inside the cell, contains the intracellular fluid and all the organelles embedded in it.
cytoplasm
the most prominent part of the cell, houses DNA and the is the control center of the cell
nucleus
