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Biology 5 > Chap 4 (bio 5) > Flashcards

Chap 4 (bio 5) Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the four major types of tissue

A

epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

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2
Q

a collection of specialized cells of similar structure that perform common functions

A

tissues

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3
Q

cells that line or cover all body surfaces, have no blood supply (avascular) tightly packed together, and are usually always found next to a connective tissue, they also helps to form glands.

A

epithelial tissue

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4
Q

epithelial tissues that synthesizes and secretes a protein

A

gland

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5
Q

two types of glands in epithelial tissue

A

exocrine and endocrine

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6
Q

these glands have a duct, secrete their products that empty on the surface of the skin, or lumen of an organ

A

Exocrine

EX: sweat glands

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7
Q

These glands are ductless and secrete hormones directly into the blood stream.

A

Endocrine

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8
Q

how are epithelium tissue classified

A

by how many layers and by their shape

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9
Q

there are three classifications of layers in epithelium tissue in

A

simple
stratified
psuedostratified

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10
Q

single layer of epithelial tissue

A

simple

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11
Q

multiple layers of epithelial tissue

A

stratified

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12
Q

appears to be multiple layers but is actually just one layer of cells

A

psuedostratified

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13
Q

there are three classifications of shape in epithelium tissue

A

squamous
cuboidal
columnar

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14
Q

flat, squishy, squashy are called

A

squamous

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15
Q

cube like are called

A

cuboidal

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16
Q

long and thin are called

A

columnar

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17
Q

one layer of flat and thin tissue is called

A

simple squamous epithelium

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18
Q

what is the function of simple squamous epithelium

A

filtration and diffusion

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19
Q

what is the location of simple squamous epithelium

A

lines blood vessels, alveoli of lungs, and heart

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20
Q

one layer of long and thin tissue is called

A

simple columnar epithelium

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21
Q

what is the function of simple columnar epithelium

A

secretion and absorption

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22
Q

what is the location of simple columnar epithelium

A

digestive tract and uterine tubes

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23
Q

these are found in exocrine glands and they secrete mucus

A

goblet cells

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24
Q

there are two varieties of simple columnar EPI

A

ciliated and non-ciliated

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25
Q

what is the difference between ciliated and non-ciliated

A

ciliated have hair-like projectiles on the surface that move things.

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26
Q

where do you find the non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium

A

in the digestive tract where propulsion is already in place and so the cilia is not needed

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27
Q

where do you find the ciliated simple columnar epithelium

A

in the uterine where they provide propulsion

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28
Q

This tissue looks layered but is actually a single layer that contains lots of goblet cells and lots of cilia that traps things and moves it up and out,

A

Psuedostratified ciliated columnar EPI

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29
Q

what is the function of Psuedostratified ciliated columnar EPI

A

to produce mucous and propels it out of the body

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30
Q

Where is Psuedostratified ciliated columnar EPI located

A

Upper respiratory tract

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31
Q

This tissue is multiple layered and flat EPI

A

stratified squamous EPI

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32
Q

what is the function of stratified squamous EPI

A

protection

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33
Q

there are two kinds of stratified squamous EPI

A

Keratinized and non-keratinized

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34
Q

What is the difference between keratinized and non-keratinized

A

keratinized contains the protein keratin which is a protein that adds water proofing.

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35
Q

where do you find non-keratinized stratified squamous

A

lining the mouth, esophagus, and vagina

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36
Q

where do you find keratinized stratified squamous

A

epidermis

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37
Q

This tissue is always stratified but it transitions depending on its state of stretch

A

Transitional EPI

38
Q

what is the function of transitional EPI

A

stretch

39
Q

what is the location of transitional EPI

A

urinary bladder

40
Q

This type of tissue connects things. It supports the organs, and holds parts of the body together.

A

connective tissue

41
Q

what is the extracellular matrix of connective tissue

A

non-living extra-cellular material found between the cells, composed of ground substance and fibers that is mostly water and proteins

42
Q

fibers determine the characteristics of the tissue, the cells are spread out; good blood supply (with few exceptions)

A

connective tissue

43
Q

what are the three types of fibers found in connective tissue extracellular matrix

A

collagen
elastic
reticular

44
Q

this type of fiber is strong, it has high tensile strength, but flexible, it is the thickest fiber, very very strong and resists pulling

A

collagen

45
Q

this type of fiber is strong and stretchy; most importantly it returns to its original shape

A

elastic

46
Q

this type of fiber forms a network that provide support (stroma) it is like a delicate mesh like net

A

reticular

47
Q

There are 7 types of connective tissue what are they

A 
1 - areolar
2 - adipose
3 - dense regular
4 - dense irregular
5 - cartilage
6 - bone
7 - blood
48
Q

two of the connective tissues are loosely arranged fibers what are they

A

areolar and adipose

49
Q

two of the connective tissues are densely packed fibers what are they

A

dense regular and dense irregular

50
Q

this connective tissue is found underneath almost all epithelium and is highly vascular

A

areolar connective tissue

51
Q

what is the function of areolar

A

strength, elasticity, and support

52
Q

what is the location of areolar

A

surrounds organs and blood vessels, as well as under epithelial tissues.

53
Q

this connective tissue is basically fat or specialized for the storage of fat and its nucleus is pushed way off to the side

A

adipose connective tissue

54
Q

what is the function of adipose connective tissue

A

energy storage, cushioning, and insulation

55
Q

what is the location of adipose connective tissue

A

subcutaneous layer deep to the skin, around kidneys and heart, and the yellow bone marrow

56
Q

this tissue is made up of densely packed together collagen fibers that run in parallel arrays and is shiny and white

A

dense regular connective tissue

57
Q

what is the function of dense regular CT

A

resists pulling in one direction

58
Q

what is the location of dense regular CT

A

tendons connecting muscle to bone

ligaments connecting bone to bone

59
Q

this tissue is made up of densely packed together collaged fibers that are arranged in an irregular fashion, they run in all different directions

A

dense irregular CT

60
Q

what is the function of dense irregular CT

A

resists pulling in multiple directions

61
Q

what is the location of dense irregular CT

A

deepest layer of the skin (dermis)

62
Q

This connective tissue is a little more solid but not completely and has little to no blood supply there are three types (we are only studying 2)

A

cartilage

63
Q

what is the function of cartilage

A

maintains the structure of body parts and protects and cushions joints

64
Q

the cell site of cartilage

A

chondrocytes

65
Q

the little hole or pocket that chondrocytes reside in

A

lacuna or lacunae

66
Q

what are the 2 types of cartilage we are studying

A

hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage

67
Q

what is the location of hyaline cartilage

A

ends of bones and fetal skeleton

68
Q

what is the location of fibrocartilage

A

intervertebral discs

69
Q

what is the ear made of

A

cartilage

70
Q

This tissue type is calcified or has a hardened matrix

A

bone

71
Q

what is the function of bone

A

support and protection

72
Q

what is the location of bone

A

the skeleton

73
Q

This is the only liquid connective tissue and its matrix is fluid

A

blood and lymph

74
Q

what is the function of blood and lymph

A

transport and regulation

75
Q

These line each body cavity in the body

A

tissue membranes

76
Q

there are two types of tissue membrane one has a double layer and one does not

A

serous membrane - double layer

mucous membrane

77
Q

this type of membrane lines internal body cavities to reduce friction

A

serous membrane

78
Q

what and where are the three types of serous membrane

A

pleural - around the lungs (pleura)
peritoneal - lining the cavity of the abdomen and the abdominal organs (peritoneum)
pericardial - around the heart (pericardium)

79
Q

this type of membrane lines the airways, digestive tract, and reproductive passage, its mucous lubricates the surface and aids in protection

A

mucous membrane

80
Q

where are the mucous membranes found

A

in the respiratory system and the digestive tract

81
Q

There are two layers or double layers of the serous membrane name them, where are they and what do they do

A

visceral layer - lines organs
parietal layer - lines the cavity
secrete serous fluid between layers

82
Q

This type of tissue is made up of cells that will shorten when excited creating movement

A

muscle tissue

83
Q

there are three types of muscle tissue

A

skeletal
cardiac
smooth

84
Q

there are two forms the muscle tissue come in

A

striated and non-striated

85
Q

which two muscle tissue types are striated

A

skeletal and cardiac

86
Q

which muscle tissue type is non-striated

A

smooth

87
Q

This tissue type is made of cells that can generate and transmit electrical messages

A

nervous tissue

88
Q

there are two parts of the nervous tissue

A

neurons

neuroglia

89
Q

what is the function of the neurons in nervous tissue

A

to transmit nerve impulses

90
Q

what is the function of the neuroglia in nervous tissue

A

to surround and protect neurons and to supply nutrients

91
Q

The process that replaces worn-out, damaged, or dead tissue cells is called

A

tissue repair

92
Q

list the tissues in order for their ability to repair from greatest to least

A

epithelial
connective
muscular
nervous

Biology 5 (27 decks)

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