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ANSC 3080 > Exam - Sexual Differentiation > Flashcards

Exam - Sexual Differentiation Flashcards

1
Q

what does sex need

A

2 individuals to produce germ cells which fuse to produce an offspring

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2
Q

what Is carried by genes

A

difference/sexual dimorphism
sex chromosomes

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3
Q

what are the female sex chromosomes in mammals

A

XX

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4
Q

what are the male sex chromosomes in mammals

A

XY

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5
Q

what are the female sex chromosomes in birds

A

ZW

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6
Q

what are the male sex chromosomes in birds

A

ZZ

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7
Q

what are gonads during early fetal life

A

undifferentiated

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8
Q

what is embryonic sex differentiation

A

the formation of primordial germ cells

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9
Q

where do primordial germ cells form

A

extra-embryonic organ

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10
Q

where do primordial germ cells circulate

A

in vasculature

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11
Q

where do primordial germ cells migrate

A

through tissues

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12
Q

what does embryonic sex differentiation colonize

A

the genital ridge to form indifferent gonads

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13
Q

what does differentiation of the cortex turn into

A

the ovary or medulla into the testis

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14
Q

what do testis organize through

A

the transient expression of genes from the sex determining region Y

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15
Q

what factor organizes the testis

A

testes differentiation factor

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16
Q

how does the hypothalamus take part in sex differentiation

A

it has 2 centres with GnRH neurons

17
Q

what are the 2 centres in the hypothalamus that contain GnRH neurons

A

tonic center
surge center

18
Q

what is the tonic center responsible for

A

basal secretion

19
Q

what is the surge center responsible for

A

ovulatory cycles and female behaviour

20
Q

what happens to estradiol during the peritoneal period

A

it is released by placenta and embryonic adrenals, binds to a carrier in blood and does not enter the brain

21
Q

what happens to testosterone during the perinatal period

A

it is released by embryo testes, diffuses into the brain and is converted to estradiol

22
Q

what happens during the perinatal period if there is estradiol in the brain

A

the surge center is inactivated = male brain

ANSC 3080 (41 decks)

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