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ANSC 3080 > Blood Transport of Gases > Flashcards

Blood Transport of Gases Flashcards

1
Q

what is most oxygen in blood reversibly bound to

A

hemoglobin

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2
Q

what percentage of oxygen in blood is bound to hemoglobin

A

> 97%

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3
Q

what happens to the oxygen that is not bound to hemoglobin

A

it circulates dissolved in blood

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4
Q

what is henry’s law

A

amount of gas dissolved is directly proportional to partial pressure of that gas

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5
Q

is O2 soluble in aqueous solution

A

solubility is very low

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6
Q

how much O2 is dissolved in blood at a usual arterial pressure

A

3ml of O2 per L of blood

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7
Q

how much O2 does blood leaving the lungs contain

A

~200mL O2 per L, 197ml/l is bound to hemoglobin

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8
Q

how much O2 does a 25kg greyhound consume at rest

A

125 mL O2 per min

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9
Q

how much O2 does a 25kg greyhound consume during a race

A

4500 ml O2 per min

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10
Q

what would be the necessary cardiac output if O2 was only carried as dissolved in blood

A

1500 L of blood

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11
Q

what does a hemoglobin contain

A

4 heme groups each with 1 iron atom that can bind 1 O2 molecule

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12
Q

how many molecule of O2 does 1 hemoglobin bind

A

4

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13
Q

what is oxygen saturation

A

the amount of oxygen carried divided by the total oxygen capacity of blood

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14
Q

what is % saturation

A

amount O2 bound / max capacity of Hb for O2

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15
Q

when is saturation at 100%

A

when all 4 site of all the blood Hb are bound

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16
Q

when is the saturation 50%

A

when half the potential binding sites are occupied

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17
Q

what kind of law does the binding of O2 to Hb follow

A

a mass action law

18
Q

what is pO2 responsible for

A

the amount of O2 dissolved in blood

19
Q
A
20
Q

what happens to the blood in lung capillaries

A

dissolved O2 increases = more HbO2

21
Q

what happens when blood passes through tissue capillaries

A

dissolved O2 decreases = dissociation of HbO2 occurs

22
Q

what shape does the oxygen saturation curve follow

A

sigmoid shape based on equilibrium

23
Q

under normal conditions, what is the percentage saturation in blood leaving lung

A

100%

24
Q

under normal conditions, what is the percentage saturation in blood out of tissue

A

75%

25
Q

how much oxygen is used at rest

A

only 25% of carrying capacity

26
Q

what is the main factor fir saturation

A

Hb concentration since Hb is completely saturated in the lungs

27
Q

how much oxygen does 1g Hb carry

A

1.34ml of O2

28
Q

what is the normal concentration of saturation

A

150g/L -> 200 ml O2

29
Q

what causes anemia

A

o2 transport is reduced proportionally to amount of Hb

30
Q

what compensates for the decrease of pO2 in air in high altitude

A

compensates by increasing the number of erythrocytes and Hb

31
Q

what are factors affecting Hb saturation

A

pH
temp
2,3DPG

32
Q

what are the 3 forms that carry CO2 in blood

A

the physical solution
carbamino compounds (bound to proteins)
bicarbonate

33
Q

what percentage of CO2 is carried in physical solution (dissolved in blood)

A

5-10%

34
Q

how much more soluble is CO2 in water compared to O2

A

20x more soluble in water than O2

35
Q

what does CO2 bind to on proteins

A

-NH groups (especially hemoglobin)

36
Q

what percentage of CO2 binds to proteins/carbamino acids

A

15-20%

37
Q

what does CO2 have a strong affinity for in terms of proteins and why

A

deoxyhemoglobin b/c no O2

38
Q

what percentage of CO2 is carried by bicarbonate

A

70-75%

39
Q

where does bicarbonate and CO2 react

A

in erythrocytes

40
Q

what is the formula for bicarbonate

A

HCO3-

41
Q

what happens to bicarbonate in plasma

A

is diffuses and is much more soluble than CO2

42
Q

what happens with bicarbonate and CO2 in lungs

A

the opposite reaction forms and it is converted back to CO2

ANSC 3080 (21 decks)

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