Exam - Endocrinology of Gestation

Question 1

what does the placenta release

Answer 1

peptide hormones

Question 2

what are the peptide hormones that the placenta releases

Answer 2

gonadotrophin hormones
lactogenic hormones = placental lactogen
relaxin

Question 3

what do the gonadotrophic hormones do

Answer 3

stimulates corpus luteum

Question 4

what do lactogenic hormones do

Answer 4

stimulate growth of mammary tissue during pregnancy

Question 5

what does relaxin do with progesterone

Answer 5

prevents uterine contraction

Question 6

what does relaxin do before parturition

Answer 6

loosens the cervix connective tissue and pelvis ligaments

Question 7

what is relaxin produced by

Answer 7

placenta and corpus luteum

Question 8

what is the key to the maintenance of pregnancy

Answer 8

progesterone

Question 9

what is progesterone made from

Answer 9

cholesterol by placenta

Question 10

what is critical

Answer 10

the ratio of progesterone/estradiol
it changes at the end of pregnancy

Question 11

what do trophoblasts lack

Answer 11

17a-hydrolase

Question 12

what can trophoblasts not convert

Answer 12

C21 to C19 steroids

Question 13

what are the immediate precursors of estrogen

Answer 13

C19 steroids

Question 14

what can trophoblasts convert

Answer 14

dehydorandrosterone sulphate from fetal adrenal to estradiol 17B towards the end of pregnancy

Question 15

what induce abortion

Answer 15

hypophysectomy
ovariectomy
lutectomy
luteolysis
antibodies against progesterone (P4)

Question 16

when do the abortion inducers not induce abortion

Answer 16

when P4 is replaced or synthesized by the placenta