Exam 8 Client Education Flashcards
The basic purpose of teaching and counseling is to
Help patients and families develop the self-care abilities (knowledge, attitude, skills) they need to maximize their functioning and quality of life (or have a dignified death.)
Patient education
The process of influencing the patient’s behavior to effect changes in knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to maintain and improve health.
Teach provides
The knowledge patients need to make an informed healthcare decision and to implement a plan of care.
Counseling provides the
Resources and support patients need to participate actively in self care and to facilitate their coping with what cannot be changed.
Why do we educate?
- Maintain and promote health
- Prevent illness
- Restore health
- Facilitate coping
- Improve quality of care
- Reduction in health care cost
Maintains and promoting health
Nurses help patients to value health and develop specific health practices that promote wellness.
Restoring health
All patient teaching and counseling focus on developing self care practices that promote recovery.
Facilitating coping
Work not only with the patient, but also with the families and friends to help them to come to terms with patients illness and whatever lifestyle changes are needed.
Learning
The process by which a person acquires or increases knowledge or changes behavior in a measurable way as a result of the experience.
Much patient education focuses on three critical areas:
Preparation for receiving care
Preparation before discharge from a healthcare facility documentation of patient education activity
TEACH
T-tune into the patient E-edit patient information A-act on every teaching moment C-clarify often H-honor the patient as a partner in the education process
Three critical developmental areas to consider when developing a teaching plan
1 patients physical maturation and abilities
2 psychosocial development,
3 cognitive capacity
Other teaching learning process
Patients emotional maturity and moral and spiritual development.
Pedagogy
Teaching of children and adolescents.
Andragogy
The study of teaching adults
Teaching adult learners must believe
They need to learn before they are willing to learn.
May need to be shown the importance of learning new information, health practices, or skills.
Developing a teaching plan for older adults
Identify any learning barriers such as sensory loss, limited physical mobility, or inability to comply.
Successful teaching plans for older adults
Extra time Short teaching sessions Accommodations for sensory deficits Reduction of environmental distractions Instructions that relates new information to familiar activities or information.
The Cope Model
C:creativity
Help the family to overcome obstacles to carrying out healthcare management and learning how to generate alternatives.
O:optimism
Help the family caregivers learn how to view the caregiving situation with confidence.
P:planing
Help the family learn how to plan for future problems and to develop contingency plans that reduce uncertainty
E:expert information
Help the family learn how to obtain expert information from healthcare providers about what to do in specific situations. This information empowers caregivers by encouraging them to develop plans for solving caregiving problems.
Culturally competent patient teaching
Develop an understanding of the patients culture.
Work with a multicultural team in developing educational programs.
Be aware of personal Assumptions, biases, and prejudices.
Understand the cultural values of the patient or group.
Develop written materials in the patients native language.
Use testimonials of persons with the same cultural background as the patient.
Literacy
The ability to read and write needed to function successfully in our society.
Health literacy
The ability to read, understand, and act on health information.
The Ask me 3
What is my main problem
What do I need to do
Why is it important for me to do this
( the three questions patients should ask. If not then we should answer them in our teaching in plain language that they can understand.)
Patients learn in three domains
Cognitive
Psychomotor
Affective
Cognitive learning
The storing and recalling of new knowledge in the brain.
Learning includes intellectual behaviors such as: acquisition of knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.