Exam 7 Defense Mechanisms Flashcards
0
Q
Affiliation
A
Seeking out help
1
Q
Passive Aggression
A
Taking out on others passively
2
Q
Palliative
A
Anxiety decreases but doesn’t solve problem
3
Q
Denial
A
Unconscious refusal to admit an unacceptable idea or behavior
4
Q
Sublimation
A
Channeling anxiety into acceptable activities
5
Q
Suppression
A
Suppressing anxiety till can deal with it.
6
Q
Acting out
A
Dealing with feelings thru actions instead of feelings
7
Q
Anticipation
A
Preparing for the anxiety
8
Q
Dysfunctional
A
Does not reduce anxiety or solve problem
9
Q
Displacement
A
Transferring feelings to something else
10
Q
Idealization
A
Idolizing a desired object or person despict of reality
11
Q
Introjection
A
Unconsciously incorps feelings of others as their own
12
Q
Fantasy
A
Creating an imaginary life
13
Q
Dissociation
A
Separation of painful feelings from unacceptable situation
14
Q
Maladaptive
A
Tries different ways to decrease anxiety without solving the problem
15
Q
Reaction Formation
A
Saying opposite of what feeling
16
Q
Defense Mechanisms
A
Unconscious intrapsychic process used to ward off anxiety by preventing conscious awareness of threatening feelings
17
Q
Compensation
A
Covering up weakness by making up with another desirable trait
18
Q
Regression
A
Returning to earlier developmental stage
19
Q
Altruism
A
Helping others before oneself
20
Q
Adaptive
A
Acknowledges, solves problem, & decreases anxiety
21
Q
Humor
A
Finding humor in painful situation
22
Q
Intellectualization
A
uses logic without feelings
23
Q
Undoing
A
Doing opposite of what you feel
24
Somatization
Taking anxiety turning into physical symptom
25
Repression
Suppressing painful memory
26
Rationalization
Justifying a reason for actions
27
Devaluation
Deals with conflict by degrading with negative
28
Projection
Blaming someone else for their unacceptable thoughts
29
Conversion
Transferring anxiety into a physical symptom with no cause
30
Splitting
Inability to intergrate positive or negative qualities of oneself
31
Altruism
Doing good and kind things for others, rather than worrying about one's own immediate satisfaction or tears.
Handling your own pain by helping others
Example:
After your wife dies, you keep yourself busy by volunteering at your church.
32
Affiliation
Seeking out others for emotional support or physical help.
Sharing problems with others but does not imply trying to make someone else responsible for them.
Example:
An alcoholic who wants to take a drink and chooses to attend an extra AA meeting.
33
Somatization
Transferring anxiety on an unconscious level into a physical symptom.
Conflicts are represented by physical symptoms involving parts of the body innervated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
Example:
A professor develops laryngitis on the day he is scheduled to defend a research proposal to a group of peers.
34
Displacement
Discharging pent-up feelings to a less-threatening object
Transference of emotions associated with a particular person, object, or situation to another non threatening person, object or situation.
Taking your anger out on something else instead of addressing the problem.
Example you get mad at your sister and break your drinking glass by throwing it against the wall.
35
Types of Defense Mechanisms
Unhealthy
Others
```
Compensation
Intellectualizations
Introspection
Conversion
Regression
Fantasy
```
36
Introjection
Unconsciously incorporating wishes, values, and attitudes of others as if they were your own.
Process by which the outside world is incorporated or absorbed into a person's view of the self.
Example:
When a person becomes depressed due to the loss of a loved one, his feelings are directed to the mental image of the loved one.
37
Suppression
Voluntary seclusion from awareness, anxiety-producing feelings, ideas, and situations.
May lead to subsequent repression
Example:
A business man who is preparing to make an important speech is told by his wife that day she wants a divorce. Although visibly upset, he puts the incident aside until after his speech when he can give the matter his total concentration.
38
Regression
Return to an earlier and more comfortable developmental level.
Reverting to an earlier, childlike, less mature way of handling stress and feelings.
Example:
You and your roommate get into an argument so you stomp off into another room and pout.
39
..........Palliative Coping...........
Temporarily decreases the anxiety, but does not solve the problem.
Anxiety usually returns
Temporary allows the patient to return to problem solving.
40
Conversion
The unconscious expression of intra-psychic conflict symbolically through physical symptoms.
Unconscious transformation of anxiety into a physical symptom with no organic cause.
Example:
A man becomes blind after seeing his wife with other men.
41
Intellectualization
Using only logical explanations without feelings or an affective component. Process by which events are analyzed based on remote, cold, facts, and without passion, rather than incorporating feeling and emotion into the process.
Focus on the task at hand no emotions is involved.
Example:
A man responds to the death of his wife by focusing on the details of the day; care and operating the household, rather than processing the grief with his children.
42
Fantasy
Imaginary lives are created.
Example:
A person who is socially inadequate that all members of the opposite sex find them attractive and want to be with them.
43
TYPES OF DEFENSE MECHANISMS
UNHEALTHY
Intermediate
```
Repression
Displacement
Reaction formation
Somatization
Undoing
Rationalization
```
44
Reaction Formation
A conscious behavior that is the exact opposite of an unconscious feeling.
Unacceptable feelings or behaviors are controlled are kept out of awareness by developing the opposite behavior or emotion.
Saying the opposite of what you actually feel.
Example: When you say you're not angry when you really are.
45
Dissociation
The unconscious separation of painful feelings and emotions from an unacceptable idea, situation or object.
Disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment.
Example:
A victim of abuse recalls that at time of abuse they felt as if they were outside their body watching the event without feeling.
46
Devaluation
When emotional conflicts or stressors are dealt with by attributing negative qualities to self or others.
Deal with emotional conflict by attributing exaggerated negative qualities to self or others.
Example:
A woman who is very jealous of a co-worker says "oh yes, she won the award. Those awards don't mean anything anyway and I wonder what she had to do to be chosen,"
47
Idealization
Emotional conflicts or stressor are dealt with by attributing exaggerated positive qualities to others.
Overestimate the desirable qualities and underestimates the limitations of the desired object.
Example:
A women met the most wonderful and perfect man. No one could tell her that he had quirks like everyone else. When the man failed to live up. To her expectations, she was devastated and gave up on all men.
48
Splitting
Inability to integrate the positive or negative qualities of oneself or others.
Example:
The patient viewed the therapist as the most wonderful, loving, and insightful therapist she had ever had. When the therapist refused to write her a prescription for Valium, the patient shouted at her that she was "stupid and thick headed" and demanded another therapist "right away".
49
Anxiety
| Coping strategies.............Adaptive Coping............
Use of defense mechanisms helps people lower anxiety to achieve goals in acceptable ways.
Example: fired from job goes looking for job this is productive and turns into a positive reaction.
Solves the problem that is causing the anxiety, so the anxiety is decreased.
The patient is objective, rational, and productive.
50
Humor
Noticing the amusing or ironic aspects of something rather than the unpleasant aspects.
Focusing on funny aspects of a painful situation.
Example:
A person's treatment for cancer makes him lose his hair so he makes jokes about being bald.
51
Dysfunctional coping
Is not successful in reducing anxiety or solving the problem.
Even minimal functioning becomes difficult.
New problems begin to develop.
( anxiety never reduced the problem)
52
Defense Mechanisms
Unconscious intrapsychic process used to ward off anxiety by preventing conscious awareness of threatening feelings.
53
Undoing
Doing something to counteract or make up for a transgression or wrong doing.
Most commonly seen in children
When a person makes up for an act or communication
Example:
You have feelings of dislike for someone so you buy them a gift.
54
Compensation
Covering up for weakness by overemphasizing or making up a desirable trait.
To make up for perceived deficiencies and cover up short comings related to these deficiencies to protect the conscious mind from recognizing them.
Can be positive, can help reinforce self esteem
Example:
A shorter than average man becomes assertively verbal and excels in business.
55
Types of Defense Mechanisms
Unhealthy
Immature
```
Passive aggression
Acting out
Dissociation
Devaluation
Idealization
Splitting
Projection
Denial
```
56
Repression
First line of defense of anxiety
Unconscious and involuntary forgetting of painful ideas, events, and conflicts.
Temporary or long-term exclusion of unpleasant or unwanted experiences, emotions, or ideas from conscious awareness
Example: You can't remember your father's funeral.
57
Maladaptive Coping
Using one or more defense mechanisms in excess, particularly in the overuse of immature defense.
Unsuccessful attempts to decrease the anxiety without attempting to solve the problem.
The anxiety usually remains.
58
Anticipation
Thinking ahead to events that might occur in the future and considering realistic responses or solutions.
Deals with emotional conflict by experiencing emotional reactions in advance of possible future events and considering realistic, alternative responses.
Putting money aside to pay a bill on time.
Example:
Knowing your car payment and house payment are due on the same date and you put money in savings account to assume ability to pay on time.
59
Rationalization
Attempts to make or prove that one's feelings or behaviors are justifiable.
Justifying illogical or unreasonable ideas, actions, or feelings by developing acceptable explanations that satisfy the teller as well as the listener.
(Make feel better about your actions).
Examples:
I always study hard for test and I know a lot of people who cheat so it's not a big deal I cheated this time.
60
Conclusion
A nurse must learn to recognize these behaviors when dealing with clients.
Do not take things personally when this type of behavior occurs.
Teach your client healthy coping strategies, as well as the ability to recognize and change the unhealthy behavior.
Teach them how to recognize what they are doing.
And SMILE
61
Defense Mechanisms
Can be healthy or not-so-healthy
| Adaptive use helps people lower anxiety to achieve goals in acceptable ways.
62
Two common features of defense mechanisms
1. They all operate on an unconscious level and are operating all the time.
2. They deny, falsify, or distort reality to make it less threatening.
63
Denial
Unconscious refusal to admit an unacceptable idea or behavior. Not accepting reality because it is too painful.
Example:
You are arrested for drunk driving several times but don't believe you have a problem with alcohol.d
64
Types of defense mechanisms
| Healthy
```
Sublimation
Anticipation
Affiliation
Altruism
Humor
Sometimes suppression
```
65
Acting out
Dealing with anxiety or stress with actions rather than reflection of feelings.
Deals with emotional conflict by actions rather than reflections or feelings.
Example:
Child's temper tantrum when she doesn't get her way with a parent.
66
Sublimation
Channeling instinctual drives into acceptable activities.
Unconscious process of substituting mature, constructive, and socially acceptable activity for immature, destructive, and unacceptable impulses.
Channeling anger in a positive manner.
Example:
A person with anger issues initiates an intensive exercise program.
67
Projections
Blaming someone else for one's difficulties or placing one's unethical desires on someone else.
Attributing your own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to someone or something else.
Lack of insight or one's own motivation.
Example:
A man who is unconsciously attracted to other women teases his wife about flirting.
68
Passive aggression
Anger towards others is acted out passively.
Deals with emotional conflict or internal/external stressors by indirectly or unassertively expressing aggression toward others.
Example:
An individual promised to give an acquaintance a ride but leaves early because they really do not like the person
69
Reaction Formation
A conscious behavior that is the exact opposite of an unconscious feeling.
Unacceptable feelings or behaviors are controlled are kept out of awareness by developing the opposite behavior or emotion.
Saying the opposite of what you actually feel.
Example: When you say you're not angry when you really are.
70
Conclusion
A nurse must learn to recognize these behaviors when dealing with clients.
Do not take things personally when this type of behavior occurs.
Teach your client healthy coping strategies, as well as the ability to recognize and change the unhealthy behavior.
Teach them how to recognize what they are doing.
And SMILE
71
Dysfunctional coping
Is not successful in reducing anxiety or solving the problem.
Even minimal functioning becomes difficult.
New problems begin to develop.
( anxiety never reduced the problem)
72
Splitting
Inability to integrate the positive or negative qualities of oneself or others.
Example:
The patient viewed the therapist as the most wonderful, loving, and insightful therapist she had ever had. When the therapist refused to write her a prescription for Valium, the patient shouted at her that she was "stupid and thick headed" and demanded another therapist "right away".
73
Idealization
Emotional conflicts or stressor are dealt with by attributing exaggerated positive qualities to others.
Overestimate the desirable qualities and underestimates the limitations of the desired object.
Example:
A women met the most wonderful and perfect man. No one could tell her that he had quirks like everyone else. When the man failed to live up. To her expectations, she was devastated and gave up on all men.
74
Defense Mechanisms
Can be healthy or not-so-healthy
| Adaptive use helps people lower anxiety to achieve goals in acceptable ways.
75
Sublimation
Channeling instinctual drives into acceptable activities.
Unconscious process of substituting mature, constructive, and socially acceptable activity for immature, destructive, and unacceptable impulses.
Channeling anger in a positive manner.
Example:
A person with anger issues initiates an intensive exercise program.
76
Altruism
Doing good and kind things for others, rather than worrying about one's own immediate satisfaction or tears.
Handling your own pain by helping others
Example:
After your wife dies, you keep yourself busy by volunteering at your church.
77
Intellectualization
Using only logical explanations without feelings or an affective component. Process by which events are analyzed based on remote, cold, facts, and without passion, rather than incorporating feeling and emotion into the process.
Focus on the task at hand no emotions is involved.
Example:
A man responds to the death of his wife by focusing on the details of the day; care and operating the household, rather than processing the grief with his children.
78
Acting out
Dealing with anxiety or stress with actions rather than reflection of feelings.
Deals with emotional conflict by actions rather than reflections or feelings.
Example:
Child's temper tantrum when she doesn't get her way with a parent.
79
Dissociation
The unconscious separation of painful feelings and emotions from an unacceptable idea, situation or object.
Disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment.
Example:
A victim of abuse recalls that at time of abuse they felt as if they were outside their body watching the event without feeling.
80
Undoing
Doing something to counteract or make up for a transgression or wrong doing.
Most commonly seen in children
When a person makes up for an act or communication
Example:
You have feelings of dislike for someone so you buy them a gift.
81
Two common features of defense mechanisms
1. They all operate on an unconscious level and are operating all the time.
2. They deny, falsify, or distort reality to make it less threatening.
82
Projections
Blaming someone else for one's difficulties or placing one's unethical desires on someone else.
Attributing your own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to someone or something else.
Lack of insight or one's own motivation.
Example:
A man who is unconsciously attracted to other women teases his wife about flirting.
83
Repression
First line of defense of anxiety
Unconscious and involuntary forgetting of painful ideas, events, and conflicts.
Temporary or long-term exclusion of unpleasant or unwanted experiences, emotions, or ideas from conscious awareness
Example: You can't remember your father's funeral.
84
Affiliation
Seeking out others for emotional support or physical help.
Sharing problems with others but does not imply trying to make someone else responsible for them.
Example:
An alcoholic who wants to take a drink and chooses to attend an extra AA meeting.
85
Maladaptive Coping
Using one or more defense mechanisms in excess, particularly in the overuse of immature defense.
Unsuccessful attempts to decrease the anxiety without attempting to solve the problem.
The anxiety usually remains.
86
Types of Defense Mechanisms
Unhealthy
Immature
```
Passive aggression
Acting out
Dissociation
Devaluation
Idealization
Splitting
Projection
Denial
```
87
Types of defense mechanisms
| Healthy
```
Sublimation
Anticipation
Affiliation
Altruism
Humor
Sometimes suppression
```
88
Fantasy
Imaginary lives are created.
Example:
A person who is socially inadequate that all members of the opposite sex find them attractive and want to be with them.
89
Introjection
Unconsciously incorporating wishes, values, and attitudes of others as if they were your own.
Process by which the outside world is incorporated or absorbed into a person's view of the self.
Example:
When a person becomes depressed due to the loss of a loved one, his feelings are directed to the mental image of the loved one.
90
Suppression
Voluntary seclusion from awareness, anxiety-producing feelings, ideas, and situations.
May lead to subsequent repression
Example:
A business man who is preparing to make an important speech is told by his wife that day she wants a divorce. Although visibly upset, he puts the incident aside until after his speech when he can give the matter his total concentration.
91
..........Palliative Coping...........
Temporarily decreases the anxiety, but does not solve the problem.
Anxiety usually returns
Temporary allows the patient to return to problem solving.
92
Conversion
The unconscious expression of intra-psychic conflict symbolically through physical symptoms.
Unconscious transformation of anxiety into a physical symptom with no organic cause.
Example:
A man becomes blind after seeing his wife with other men.
93
Anxiety
| Coping strategies.............Adaptive Coping............
Use of defense mechanisms helps people lower anxiety to achieve goals in acceptable ways.
Example: fired from job goes looking for job this is productive and turns into a positive reaction.
Solves the problem that is causing the anxiety, so the anxiety is decreased.
The patient is objective, rational, and productive.
94
Types of Defense Mechanisms
Unhealthy
Others
```
Compensation
Intellectualizations
Introspection
Conversion
Regression
Fantasy
```
95
Humor
Noticing the amusing or ironic aspects of something rather than the unpleasant aspects.
Focusing on funny aspects of a painful situation.
Example:
A person's treatment for cancer makes him lose his hair so he makes jokes about being bald.
96
Displacement
Discharging pent-up feelings to a less-threatening object
Transference of emotions associated with a particular person, object, or situation to another non threatening person, object or situation.
Taking your anger out on something else instead of addressing the problem.
Example you get mad at your sister and break your drinking glass by throwing it against the wall.
97
Defense Mechanisms
Unconscious intrapsychic process used to ward off anxiety by preventing conscious awareness of threatening feelings.
98
Passive aggression
Anger towards others is acted out passively.
Deals with emotional conflict or internal/external stressors by indirectly or unassertively expressing aggression toward others.
Example:
An individual promised to give an acquaintance a ride but leaves early because they really do not like the person
99
Denial
Unconscious refusal to admit an unacceptable idea or behavior. Not accepting reality because it is too painful.
Example:
You are arrested for drunk driving several times but don't believe you have a problem with alcohol.d
100
TYPES OF DEFENSE MECHANISMS
UNHEALTHY
Intermediate
```
Repression
Displacement
Reaction formation
Somatization
Undoing
Rationalization
```
101
Compensation
Covering up for weakness by overemphasizing or making up a desirable trait.
To make up for perceived deficiencies and cover up short comings related to these deficiencies to protect the conscious mind from recognizing them.
Can be positive, can help reinforce self esteem
Example:
A shorter than average man becomes assertively verbal and excels in business.
102
Devaluation
When emotional conflicts or stressors are dealt with by attributing negative qualities to self or others.
Deal with emotional conflict by attributing exaggerated negative qualities to self or others.
Example:
A woman who is very jealous of a co-worker says "oh yes, she won the award. Those awards don't mean anything anyway and I wonder what she had to do to be chosen,"
103
Regression
Return to an earlier and more comfortable developmental level.
Reverting to an earlier, childlike, less mature way of handling stress and feelings.
Example:
You and your roommate get into an argument so you stomp off into another room and pout.
104
Anticipation
Thinking ahead to events that might occur in the future and considering realistic responses or solutions.
Deals with emotional conflict by experiencing emotional reactions in advance of possible future events and considering realistic, alternative responses.
Putting money aside to pay a bill on time.
Example:
Knowing your car payment and house payment are due on the same date and you put money in savings account to assume ability to pay on time.
105
Somatization
Transferring anxiety on an unconscious level into a physical symptom.
Conflicts are represented by physical symptoms involving parts of the body innervated by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
Example:
A professor develops laryngitis on the day he is scheduled to defend a research proposal to a group of peers.
106
Rationalization
Attempts to make or prove that one's feelings or behaviors are justifiable.
Justifying illogical or unreasonable ideas, actions, or feelings by developing acceptable explanations that satisfy the teller as well as the listener.
(Make feel better about your actions).
Examples:
I always study hard for test and I know a lot of people who cheat so it's not a big deal I cheated this time.
107
A patient using somatization is transferring ________ on an ________ level into a physical symptom.
Anxiety
Unconscious
108
Passive aggression
~Anger toward others is acted out passively
~deals with emotional conflict or internal/external stressors by indirectly or unassertively expressing aggression toward others
Ex. Promise to do something and not doing it
An individual promised to give an acquaintance a ride but leaves erly because they really do no like the person
109
Maladaptive coping
Use of defense mechanisms occurs when one or several are used in excess, particularly in the overuse of immature defenses
Ex. loses job and goes out drinking causing other problems
110
Regression
~return to an earlier and more comfortable developmental level
~ reverting to an earlier, childlike, less mature way of handling stresses and feelings
Ex. You and your roommate have got into an argument so you stomp off into another room and pout
111
Intellectualization
~ using only logical explanations without feelings or affective component
~ process by which events are analyzed based on remote, cold, facts, and without passion, rather than incorporating feeling and emotion into the process
Ex. A man responds to the death of his wife by focusing on the details of the day: care and operating the household, rather than processing the grief with his children
112
Rationalization
~Attempts to make or prove that ones feelings or behaviors are justifiable
~ justifying illogical or unreasonable ideas, actions,or feelings by developing acceptable explanations that satisfy the teller well as the listener.
Ex. I always study hard for tests and I know a lot of people who cheat so it's not a big deal that I cheated this time
113
Adaptive use of defense mechanisms helps people lower ________ to achieve goals in acceptable ways.
Anxiety
114
In patients using maladaptive coping, anxiety usually ________.
Remains
115
Dysfunctional coping
--Is not successful in reducing anxiety or solving the problem
--even minimal functioning becomes difficult
-- new problems begin to develop
Ex. Guy goes out drinking, decides to go gambling and loses all of his money
116
Types of healthy defense mechanisms
```
~ sublimation
~ anticipation
~ affiliation
~altruism
~ humor
~ sometimes suppression
```
117
Two common features of defense mechanisms
1. They all operate on an unconscious level and are operating all of the time
2. They deny, falsify, or distort reality to make it less threatening
118
Undoing is doing something to ________ or make up for a ________or wrong doing
Counteract
Transgression
119
Altruism
~Doing good and kind things for others, rather than worrying about ones own immediate satisfaction of fears
~Handling your own pain by helping others
Ex. After your wife dies , you keep yourself busy by volunteering at your church
(this could be negative when you don't take time for yourself)
120
Denial
~ unconscious refusal to admit and unacceptable idea or behavior
~ not accepting reality bc it is too painful
Ex. You are arrested for drunk driving several times but don't believe you have a problem with alcohol
121
Undoing is most commonly seen in __________.
Children
122
Fantasy
~imaginary lives are created
| Daydreaming
123
Compensation
~Covering up for weakness by overemphasizing or making up a desirable trait
~ to make up for perceived deficiencies and cover up shortcomings related to these deficiencies to protect the conscious mind from recognizing them
Ex. Overcompensating for shortcomings
A shorter than avg man becomes assertively verbal and excels in business
124
A patient in repression has _________ or _________ exclusion of unpleasant or unwanted experiences, emotions, or ideas from conscious awareness
Temporary or long-term
125
Patients using maladaptive coping have unsuccessful attempts to _________ the anxiety without attempting to solve the problem.
Decrease
126
Anticipation
~ thinking ahead to events that might occur in the future and considering realistic responses or solutions
~ deals with emotional conflict by experiencing emotional reactions in advance of possible future event and considering realistic, alternative responses
Ex. Knowing ur car payment and house payment are due on the same date and you put money in savings account to assure ability to pay on time.
127
Displacement
~ Discharging pent-up feelings to a less threatening object
~ transference of emotions associated with a particular person, object, or situation to another nonthreatening person, object, or situation
Ex. Putting off on someone else, spousal/child abuse
When you get mad at your sister, you break you drinking glass by throwing it against the wall.
128
Affiliation
~ seeking out others for emotional support or physical help
~ sharing problems with others but does not imply trying to make someone else responsible for them
Ex. An alcoholic who wants to take a drink and chooses to attend and extra AA meeting
129
Undoing
When a person makes up for an act or communication
Ex. You have feelings of dislike for someone so you buy them a gift
~ trying to undo the feelings that we have
130
Other types of unhealthy defense mechanisms
```
~Compensation
~intellectualizations
~introjection
~conversion
~ regression
~fantasy
```
131
Adaptive coping
Solves the problem that is causing the anxiety so the anxiety is decreased
132
Reaction formation
Unacceptable feelings or behaviors are controlled and kept out of awareness by developing the opposite behavior or emotion
Ex. When you say you aren't angry when you really are.
133
Conversion
~the unconscious expression of intra-psychic conflict symbolically through physical symptoms
~ unconscious transformation of anxiety into the physical symptom with no organic cause
Ex. A man becomes blind after seeing his wife flirt with other men.
He saw his flirt and caused anxiety
134
A patient in repression is ________ and _________ forgetting of painful ideas, events, and conflicts.
Unconscious and involuntary
135
Chronic anxiety
Any type of disease
136
A patient is who uses adaptive coping is ___________, ___________, and ____________.
Objective
Rational
Productive
Ex. Guy loses his job, goes out to find another job or goes back to school.
137
Palliative coping
--Temporarily decreases the anxiety but does not solve the problem
-- anxiety usually returns
--temporary relief allows pt to return to problem solving
Ex. Pushes out of mind and thinks ab other things
-- losing job and goes out fishing, but once done, he has to figure out what he is going to do
138
Somatization
Conflicts are represented by physical symptoms involving parts of the body inner aged by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
Ex. A professor develops laryngitis on the day he is scheduled to defend a research proposal to a group of peers
139
An example of a patient in repression
You can't remember your fathers funeral or childbirth
140
Dissociation
~ the unconscious separation of painful feelings and emotions from an unacceptable idea, situation, or object
~ disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment
~ separating ourselves from what really happened
Ex. A victim of abuse recalls that at a time of abuse they felt as if they were outside their body watching the event without feeling.
141
Humor
~ noticing the amusing or ironic aspects of something rather than The unpleasant aspects.
~ focusing on funny aspects of a painful situation
Ex. A persons treatment for cancer makes him lose his hair so he makes jokes about being bald
142
Types of unhealthy intermediate defense mechanisms
```
~Repression
~Displacement
~Reaction formation
~Somatization
~Undoing
~Rationalization
```
143
What is defense mechanisms?
Unconscious intrapsychic process used to ward off anxiety by preventing conscious awareness of threatening feelings
144
Types of unhealthy immature defense mechanisms
```
~Passive aggression
~Acting out
~Dissociation
~Devaluation
~Idealization
~Splitting
~Projection
~Denial
```
145
Sublimation
~ channeling instinctual drives into acceptable activities
~ unconscious process of substituting mature, constructive, and socially acceptable activity for immature, destructive, and unacceptable impulses
Ex. A person with anger issues initiates an intensive exercise program
146
Devaluation
~trying to make someone look less than everyone else
~ when emotional conflicts or stressor are dealt with by attributing negative qualities to self or others
Ex. A woman who is jealous of a coworker says "oh yes, she won the award. Those awards don't mean anything anyway, and I wonder what she had to do to be chosen!"
147
Splitting
~ inability to integrate the positive or negative qualities of oneself or others
Ex. The pt viewed the therapist as the most wonderful, loving, and insightful therapist she ever had. When the therapist refused to write her a prescription for Valium, the pt shouted at her that she was "stupid and thick headed" and demanded another therapist "right away"
148
Acute anxiety
Panic attack
149
Idealization
~Emotional conflicts or stressors dealt by attributing exaggerated positive qualities to others
~ overestimates the desirable qualities and underestimates the limitations of the desired object.
Good: idolizing parents
ex. A woman met the most "wonderful and perfect man". No one could tell her that he had quirks likes everyone else. When the man failed to live up to her expectation, she was devastated and gave up on all men.
150
A patient using reaction formation has a _________ behavior that is the exact opposite of an _________ feeling.
Conscious
Unconscious
151
Acting out
~dealing with anxiety or stress with actions rather than reflection of feelings
~ deals with emotional conflict by actions rather than reflections or feelings
Ex. Child's temper tantrum when she doesn't get her way with a parent
152
Projection
~Blaming someone for ones difficulties or placing ones unethical desires on someone else.
~ attributing you own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to someone or something else.
Ex. A man who is unconsciously attracted to other women teases his wife about flirting.
He is blaming her for his feelings.
153
Introjection
~ Unconsciously incorporating wishes, values, and attitudes of others as if they were your own
~ process by which the outside world is incorporated or absorbed into a persons view of self
Ex. When a person becomes depressed due to the loss of a loved one, his feelings are directed to the mental image of the loved one
154
Suppression
~voluntary seclusion from awareness, anxiety producing feelings, ideas, and situations
~ may lead to subsequent repression
Ex. A business man who is preparing to make an important speech is told by his wife that day that she wants a divorce. Although visibly upset, he puts the incident aside until after his speech when he can give the matter his total concentration.
155
What does this mean?
--Manners in which we behave or think in a certain way to better protect or defend ourselves
--protect people from painful awareness of feelings and memories that can provoke overwhelming anxiety (distancing ourselves from anxiety)
