ATI Chapter 6 Nutrition for Nursing

Question 1

Acculturation

Answer 1

is the process of a cultural, ethnic, or religious group’s adopting of the
dominant culture’s behaviors, beliefs, and values.

Question 2

ethnocentrism,

Answer 2

is the belief
that one’s own cultural practices are the only correct behaviors, beliefs, attitudes, and
values.

Question 3

Religion has a profound influence on foodways.

Answer 3

Feasting/celebration foods.

Question 4

Special food preparations

Answer 4

kosher kitchens in Orthodox Jewish homes

Question 5

Prescriptive guidelines for animal slaughter

Answer 5

Islam and Orthodox Judaism

Question 6

Avoidance of stimulants (coffee, tea, caffeinated soda)

Answer 6

Muslims and Mormons

Question 7

The practice of vegetarianism

Answer 7

Seventh-Day Adventists and some Buddhists

Question 8

Fasting for religious holidays

Answer 8

Ramadan for Muslims, or refraining from meat

consumption on Ash Wednesday and Fridays during Lent for Catholics

Question 9

pure vegetarian diet

Answer 9

do not consume animal products of any type,
including eggs and all milk products. Vitamin B12 and vitamin D
supplementation may be needed with a pure vegan diet.

Question 10

lactovegetarian diet

Answer 10

consume milk products in addition to

vegetables.

Question 11

lacto-ovo-vegetarian

Answer 11

consume milk products and

eggs in addition to vegetables.

Question 12

Scenario: A nurse is caring for a client recently admitted to the cardiac telemetry unit post myocardial
infarction. The client is a business executive who is Euro-American. He states that he doesn’t understand
why he had a heart attack and says, “I’ve been eating like my Asian co-workers in China and they are
so healthy.” When asked how he prepares his Asian cuisine, he states that during the work week he eats
a bowl of multigrain cereal for breakfast, and often eats at one of several local Asian restaurants or gets
Chinese take-out for lunch and dinner.

Answer 12

The first 3 questions go with this scenario.

Question 13

1. Discuss the traditional Asian foodway and the benefits of the dietary pattern on the heart.

Answer 13

Traditional Asian foodway:
● Plant-based diet
● Consume raw fruits and vegetables
● Stir-fry quickly to retain crispness of foods, which retain vitamins
● Use of plant-based oils
● High sodium content of diet from spices and condiments (soy source)
● Major protein sources are plant-based (soy), fish, shellfish, poultry, and nuts
● Rare use of red meats, consumed in small portions
● Moderate portions of all food groups (cultural value on moderation in life)
Benefits to heart:
● Low cholesterol and lipids
● Generally not overweight

Question 14

2. Describe the steps that should be taken to determine the benefits and risks of the client’s eating
   pattern.

Answer 14

Assess your knowledge of the client’s foodway and obtain assistance if necessary.
Set a leisurely and attentive atmosphere for a discussion.
Ask the client to describe 2 days of typical meals, snacks, and fluid consumption during his
work week.
Discuss how meals and snacks are prepared.
Discuss portions/amounts of the different foods typically consumed.
Supply written material on traditional Asian foods, food preparations, and portions.
Compare and contrast the traditional Asian foodway with the client’s description of his diet.
Explore ways to better closely align the client’s diet with the traditional Asian foodway.
Request a dietary consult from the provider.
Provide printed follow-up information from discussion.

Question 15

3. Describe the major teaching points that should be on the nutritional teaching plan for the client.

Answer 15

Encourage continued high intake of a plant-based diet, decreased salt intake, and adequate
calcium intake.

Question 15

4. Identify healthy and unhealthy aspects of the following traditional foodways:
   African American, Asian American, Latino American.

Answer 15

:) next three cards answer this.

Question 16

African American

Answer 16

Healthy - Family involvement.

Unhealthy - Animal proteins and oils, increased sodium, increased incident for type 2 diabetes.

Question 17

Asian American

Answer 17

Healthy - Plant base diet, Fruits in diet.

Unhealthy - Increased sodium, risk calcium deficit due to plant based diet.

Question 18

Latino American

Answer 18

Healthy - Plant based diet, fruits in diet, family involvement
Unhealthy - Animal proteins and oils, increased incident of type 2 diabetes, risk calcium deficit due to lactose intolerance.

Question 19

5. An ethnocentric approach to filling out a client’s menu to provide for more calcium is to:
   A. ask the client what he likes to eat.
   B. call the dietician to fill the menu out.
   C. recommend one’s own favorite foods.
   D. have the family fill out the menu.

Answer 19

C. recommend one’s own favorite foods.
Ethnocentrism is the belief that the dominant or host culture’s practices are the only correct
behaviors/beliefs. Contacting the dietician, family, or client regarding menu selection is not
an ethnocentric approach.

Question 20

6. A nurse is attending a class on culture and food. Which of the following statements made by the
   nurse indicates a need for further teaching?
   A. “Clients who practice Roman Catholicism do not drink coffee, tea, or caffeinated
   sodas.”
   B. “By working closely with nutritional services, I can meet the prescribed diet and still follow my
   client’s religious practices.”
   C. “Clients who follow the teachings of Islam and Orthodox Judaism eat only specified animals
   that are slaughtered under strict guidelines.”
   D. “Because not all individuals in one country necessarily practice the same religion, I cannot
   consider ethnicity alone in my plan of care.”

Answer 20

A. “Clients who practice Roman Catholicism do not drink coffee, tea, or caffeinated
sodas.”
Stimulants (coffee, tea, caffeinated sodas) are not consumed by Muslims or Mormons. A
Roman Catholic cultural practice is not eating meat on Ash Wednesday or Fridays during
Lent. The other statements made by the nurse are appropriate and do not require additional
cultural education.