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Biology > EXAM 3_PPTs Plants Transition to Land, Plant Structure and Growth > Flashcards

EXAM 3_PPTs Plants Transition to Land, Plant Structure and Growth Flashcards

1
Q

What are charophytes?

A

group of green algae

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2
Q

What are bryophytes?

A

mosses

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3
Q

What are seedless vascular plants?

A

ferns, horsetails

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4
Q

What are gymnosperms?

A

conifers

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5
Q

What are angiosperms?

A

flowering plants

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6
Q

What was the first origin of plants?

A

charophytes then bryophytes

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7
Q

What are the first vascular plants

A

Ferns, horsetails

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8
Q

What are the first seed plants

A

gymnosperms then angiosperms

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9
Q

Charophyta what is it?

A

green algae

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10
Q

what cames after fertilization in land plants?

A

Zygote 2n

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11
Q

What comes after Zygote 2n does mitosis?

A

sporophyte (multicellular diploid 2n)

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12
Q

What comes after sporophyte multicell diploid 2n?

A

Haploid spores (1n)

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13
Q

What comes after haploid spores (1n)?

A

Gametophyte (multicellular haploid)

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14
Q

What comes after haploid spores n?

A

mitosis

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15
Q

What comes after mitosis?

A

gametophyte multicell haploid n

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16
Q

what comes after gametophyte multicell haploid n

A

gametes n

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17
Q

What problems do plants need to solve as they transition to life on land?

A

dessication (avoid drying), reproduction without water, transporting sugar/water, structural support

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18
Q

What is dessication?

A

avoid drying out - becoming resistant spores, wall of cells

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19
Q

What are sporopollenin?

A

a biological polymer found as a major component of the tough outer (exine) walls of plant spores and pollen grains

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20
Q

What is gametangie

A

organ with supportive cells produces/protect the gametes

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21
Q

What is archegonia?

A

egg gamete

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22
Q

What is antheridia?

A

sperm gamete

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23
Q

What are some other examples of dessication?

A

cuticle, bark, seeds

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24
Q

What kind of reproduction are bryophytes and seedless vascular plants?

A

flagellated sperm

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25
What kind of reproduction are gymnosperms?
air-borne pollens
26
What kind of reproduction is angiosperms?
animal-dispersed pollen
27
What does a vascular system do?
transports food and water to plant body, also providing structure
28
Name an example of vascular system:
Lignin
29
What is phloem
food
30
What is xylem?
water
31
What is part of the shoot system?
photosynthesis, reproduction, stem/nodes, leaves, flowers and fruits, cones
32
What's part of the root system?
anchors plant, storage organs, absorption of water and nutrients; roots, mycorrhizae, nitrogen fixing bacteria
33
What is the apical meristem?
34
What is the Node?
35
what is the internode?
What is the apical bud?
36
What is the vegetative shoot?
37
What is the blade?
38
What is the petiole?
39
What is the axillary bud?
40
What is the stem?
41
What is the taproot?
42
What are lateral branch roots?
43
What are root apical meristems?
44
What is a leaf?
45
46
What type of tissues do plants have?
dermal, vascular and ground
47
What do dermal tissues do?
cover the plant
48
Name an example of dermal tissues for plants:
Epidermis, stomata, trichomes, bark
49
What do vascular tissues do?
transport materials
50
What do ground tissues do?
metabolic functions, growth
51
Name examples of dermal tissues.
Epidermis, stomata, trichomes, bark
52
Name examples of vascular tissues
Xylem, phloem
53
What does xylem carry?
water
54
What does phloem carry?
Sugar solution
55
Name exmaples of ground tissues.
Meristems, photosynthesis, storage
56
What are the three basic plant cell types?
parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma
57
What are parenchyma?
soft, rounded cells with thin primary cell walls, air spaces between cells
58
What type of cells are most parenchyma?
Totipotent cells
59
What are totipotent cells?
undifferentiated that can still divide
60
What are collenchyma?
irregularly thicken primary cell wall, no air spaces
61
What are sclerenchyma?
rigid secondary cell wall, may have no cytoplasm left
62
Examples of sclerenchyma
wood, xylem, vessels, seed coat
63
Benefits of collenchyma
elastic support, flexibility, stems and leaf petioles
64
Xylem conducts water from ___?
roots to leaf.
65
What are sclerenchyma?
typically dead, thickened cell walls containing lignin
66
Xylem grow to size first then __?
makes secondary cell wall.
67
At maturity, xylem is __?
hollow and dead
68
Xylem is comprised of ___?
tracheids, vessels and fibers.
69
What are tracheids?
ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms
70
Wood is ___?
secondary xylem tissue
71

Biology (32 decks)

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