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Biology > EXAM 3_PPTs Plants Transition to Land, Plant Structure and Growth > Flashcards

EXAM 3_PPTs Plants Transition to Land, Plant Structure and Growth Flashcards

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1
Q

What are charophytes?

A

group of green algae

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2
Q

What are bryophytes?

A

mosses

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3
Q

What are seedless vascular plants?

A

ferns, horsetails

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4
Q

What are gymnosperms?

A

conifers

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5
Q

What are angiosperms?

A

flowering plants

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6
Q

What was the first origin of plants?

A

charophytes then bryophytes

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7
Q

What are the first vascular plants

A

Ferns, horsetails

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8
Q

What are the first seed plants

A

gymnosperms then angiosperms

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9
Q

Charophyta what is it?

A

green algae

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10
Q

what cames after fertilization in land plants?

A

Zygote 2n

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11
Q

What comes after Zygote 2n does mitosis?

A

sporophyte (multicellular diploid 2n)

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12
Q

What comes after sporophyte multicell diploid 2n?

A

Haploid spores (1n)

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13
Q

What comes after haploid spores (1n)?

A

Gametophyte (multicellular haploid)

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14
Q

What comes after haploid spores n?

A

mitosis

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15
Q

What comes after mitosis?

A

gametophyte multicell haploid n

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16
Q

what comes after gametophyte multicell haploid n

A

gametes n

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17
Q

What problems do plants need to solve as they transition to life on land?

A

dessication (avoid drying), reproduction without water, transporting sugar/water, structural support

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18
Q

What is dessication?

A

avoid drying out - becoming resistant spores, wall of cells

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19
Q

What are sporopollenin?

A

a biological polymer found as a major component of the tough outer (exine) walls of plant spores and pollen grains

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20
Q

What is gametangie

A

organ with supportive cells produces/protect the gametes

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21
Q

What is archegonia?

A

egg gamete

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22
Q

What is antheridia?

A

sperm gamete

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23
Q

What are some other examples of dessication?

A

cuticle, bark, seeds

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24
Q

What kind of reproduction are bryophytes and seedless vascular plants?

A

flagellated sperm

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25
Q

What kind of reproduction are gymnosperms?

A

air-borne pollens

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26
Q

What kind of reproduction is angiosperms?

A

animal-dispersed pollen

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27
Q

What does a vascular system do?

A

transports food and water to plant body, also providing structure

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28
Q

Name an example of vascular system:

A

Lignin

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29
Q

What is phloem

A

food

30
Q

What is xylem?

A

water

31
Q

What is part of the shoot system?

A

photosynthesis, reproduction, stem/nodes, leaves, flowers and fruits, cones

32
Q

What’s part of the root system?

A

anchors plant, storage organs, absorption of water and nutrients; roots, mycorrhizae, nitrogen fixing bacteria

33
Q

What is the apical meristem?

A
34
Q

What is the Node?

A
35
Q

what is the internode?

A

What is the apical bud?

36
Q

What is the vegetative shoot?

A
37
Q

What is the blade?

A
38
Q

What is the petiole?

A
39
Q

What is the axillary bud?

A
40
Q

What is the stem?

A
41
Q

What is the taproot?

A
42
Q

What are lateral branch roots?

A
43
Q

What are root apical meristems?

A
44
Q

What is a leaf?

A
45
Q
A
46
Q

What type of tissues do plants have?

A

dermal, vascular and ground

47
Q

What do dermal tissues do?

A

cover the plant

48
Q

Name an example of dermal tissues for plants:

A

Epidermis, stomata, trichomes, bark

49
Q

What do vascular tissues do?

A

transport materials

50
Q

What do ground tissues do?

A

metabolic functions, growth

51
Q

Name examples of dermal tissues.

A

Epidermis, stomata, trichomes, bark

52
Q

Name examples of vascular tissues

A

Xylem, phloem

53
Q

What does xylem carry?

A

water

54
Q

What does phloem carry?

A

Sugar solution

55
Q

Name exmaples of ground tissues.

A

Meristems, photosynthesis, storage

56
Q

What are the three basic plant cell types?

A

parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma

57
Q

What are parenchyma?

A

soft, rounded cells with thin primary cell walls, air spaces between cells

58
Q

What type of cells are most parenchyma?

A

Totipotent cells

59
Q

What are totipotent cells?

A

undifferentiated that can still divide

60
Q

What are collenchyma?

A

irregularly thicken primary cell wall, no air spaces

61
Q

What are sclerenchyma?

A

rigid secondary cell wall, may have no cytoplasm left

62
Q

Examples of sclerenchyma

A

wood, xylem, vessels, seed coat

63
Q

Benefits of collenchyma

A

elastic support, flexibility, stems and leaf petioles

64
Q

Xylem conducts water from ___?

A

roots to leaf.

65
Q

What are sclerenchyma?

A

typically dead, thickened cell walls containing lignin

66
Q

Xylem grow to size first then __?

A

makes secondary cell wall.

67
Q

At maturity, xylem is __?

A

hollow and dead

68
Q

Xylem is comprised of ___?

A

tracheids, vessels and fibers.

69
Q

What are tracheids?

A

ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms

70
Q

Wood is ___?

A

secondary xylem tissue

71
Q
A

Biology (29 decks)

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