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Biology > Exam 2_PPT Cell Structure > Flashcards

Exam 2_PPT Cell Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

Why is Robert Hooke famous?

A

first to see a microbe (fungus) with microscope

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2
Q

Name 3 things Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was famous for.

A

Innovated lens making, used 300x microscopes, first saw bacteria

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3
Q

What is the ocular lens?

A

eyepiece, magnifies by 10x

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4
Q

What the specimen stage?

A

where the specimen (usually mounted onto a glass slide) is placed for observation.

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5
Q

What is the condenser?

A

gather light and concentrate it onto specimen

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6
Q

Iris Diaphragm

A

controls the amount of light that enters the objective lens

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7
Q

Objective lens

A

provides different magnifications,

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8
Q

What is total magnification?

A

the product of the magnifying power of the ocular lens and the objective lens

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9
Q

What are the 3 parts of cell theory?

A

all living things composed of one or more cells; cells is smallest unit of life; new cells arise from existing cells

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10
Q

Prokarytoic cells include?

A

Bacteria and Archaea

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11
Q

Eukaryotic cells include?

A

protists, plants, fungi, and animals

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12
Q

What are the 13 parts in an animal cell?

A

Ribosomes, Cytoskeleton, plasma membrane, mitochondrion, RER, Golgi Apparatus, Smooth ER, Nucleus, Centrioles, Lysosome, Nucleolus, Nuclear Membrane, Vacuole

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13
Q

Name the organelles in a plant cell

A

Cell Wall, Cell membrane, Golgi Apparatus, Central Vacuole, Chloroplast, Mitochondrion, Cytoplasm, RER, SER, Nucleus, Nucleolus, Golgi Vesicles, Ribosome

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14
Q

What does the phospholipid consist of?

A

hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail

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15
Q

Name some parts of the plasma membrane

A

phospholipid, glycolipid, transmembrane protein, integral protein, glycoprotein, cytoskeleton

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16
Q

Name the 4 membrane bound proteins in plasma membrane

A

Receptor, Adhesion, Transport, Recognition

17
Q

What is active transport?

A

moves against concentration gradient, requires energy, uses transport proteins

18
Q

What do viruses attach on cell?

A

Glycoprotein receptors.

19
Q

What do adhesion proteins do?

A

connect 2 cells so they can work as a unit

20
Q

Name the 4 steps in the ER

A

Links amino acids, proteins modified, proteins depart, vesicles bud off

21
Q

Name 3 step of Golgi body

A

Receives ER vesicle then sending out transport vesicle

22
Q

What’s an ameoba?

A

single celled animal cell

23
Q

Is mitochondria present in prokaryotes?

A

No

24
Q

True of False, Prokaryotes have a nucleus.

A

False, prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus.

25
Q

What is the nucleoid?

A

controls/wraps DNA

26
Q

Do plants and animals have nucleoids?

A

No

27
Q

Is energy required in passive transport?

A

No

28
Q

How does passive transport work?

A

High concentration to low concentration.

29
Q

Osmosis

A

passive transport of water across permeable membrane

30
Q

What is isotonic?

A

solution of equal concentration.

31
Q

water always goes from hypotonic to hypertonic. T or F?

A

True

32
Q

What is plasmolysis in plant cells?

A

when very salty water is added to cells

33
Q

What is active transport?

A

the movement of a substance across a membrane against a concentration gradient.

34
Q

What are the 3 domains of life?

A

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota

35
Q

Name 3 simple words to describe Bacteria

A

cells, living, can reproduce

36
Q

Name 3 simple things about virus

A

Not cells, not living, reproduce only with a host

37
Q

What are viruses made of?

A

protein coat, DNA (or RNA)

38
Q

Name steps of how Virus attack:

A
  1. Enter cell and release RNA
  2. Creates new RNA and viral particles
  3. New virions are released

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