Exam 2_PPT Cell Structure

Question 1

Why is Robert Hooke famous?

Answer 1

first to see a microbe (fungus) with microscope

Question 2

Name 3 things Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was famous for.

Answer 2

Innovated lens making, used 300x microscopes, first saw bacteria

Question 3

What is the ocular lens?

Answer 3

eyepiece, magnifies by 10x

Question 4

What the specimen stage?

Answer 4

where the specimen (usually mounted onto a glass slide) is placed for observation.

Question 5

What is the condenser?

Answer 5

gather light and concentrate it onto specimen

Question 6

Iris Diaphragm

Answer 6

controls the amount of light that enters the objective lens

Question 7

Objective lens

Answer 7

provides different magnifications,

Question 8

What is total magnification?

Answer 8

the product of the magnifying power of the ocular lens and the objective lens

Question 9

What are the 3 parts of cell theory?

Answer 9

all living things composed of one or more cells; cells is smallest unit of life; new cells arise from existing cells

Question 10

Prokarytoic cells include?

Answer 10

Bacteria and Archaea

Question 11

Eukaryotic cells include?

Answer 11

protists, plants, fungi, and animals

Question 12

What are the 13 parts in an animal cell?

Answer 12

Ribosomes, Cytoskeleton, plasma membrane, mitochondrion, RER, Golgi Apparatus, Smooth ER, Nucleus, Centrioles, Lysosome, Nucleolus, Nuclear Membrane, Vacuole

Question 13

Name the organelles in a plant cell

Answer 13

Cell Wall, Cell membrane, Golgi Apparatus, Central Vacuole, Chloroplast, Mitochondrion, Cytoplasm, RER, SER, Nucleus, Nucleolus, Golgi Vesicles, Ribosome

Question 14

What does the phospholipid consist of?

Answer 14

hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail

Question 15

Name some parts of the plasma membrane

Answer 15

phospholipid, glycolipid, transmembrane protein, integral protein, glycoprotein, cytoskeleton

Question 16

Name the 4 membrane bound proteins in plasma membrane

Answer 16

Receptor, Adhesion, Transport, Recognition

Question 17

What is active transport?

Answer 17

moves against concentration gradient, requires energy, uses transport proteins

Question 18

What do viruses attach on cell?

Answer 18

Glycoprotein receptors.

Question 19

What do adhesion proteins do?

Answer 19

connect 2 cells so they can work as a unit

Question 20

Name the 4 steps in the ER

Answer 20

Links amino acids, proteins modified, proteins depart, vesicles bud off

Question 21

Name 3 step of Golgi body

Answer 21

Receives ER vesicle then sending out transport vesicle

Question 22

What’s an ameoba?

Answer 22

single celled animal cell

Question 23

Is mitochondria present in prokaryotes?

Answer 23

No

Question 24

True of False, Prokaryotes have a nucleus.

Answer 24

False, prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus.

Question 25

What is the nucleoid?

Answer 25

controls/wraps DNA

Question 26

Do plants and animals have nucleoids?

Answer 26

No

Question 27

Is energy required in passive transport?

Answer 27

No

Question 28

How does passive transport work?

Answer 28

High concentration to low concentration.

Question 29

Osmosis

Answer 29

passive transport of water across permeable membrane

Question 30

What is isotonic?

Answer 30

solution of equal concentration.

Question 31

water always goes from hypotonic to hypertonic. T or F?

Answer 31

True

Question 32

What is plasmolysis in plant cells?

Answer 32

when very salty water is added to cells

Question 33

What is active transport?

Answer 33

the movement of a substance across a membrane against a concentration gradient.

Question 34

What are the 3 domains of life?

Answer 34

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota

Question 35

Name 3 simple words to describe Bacteria

Answer 35

cells, living, can reproduce

Question 36

Name 3 simple things about virus

Answer 36

Not cells, not living, reproduce only with a host

Question 37

What are viruses made of?

Answer 37

protein coat, DNA (or RNA)

Question 38

Name steps of how Virus attack:

Answer 38

1. Enter cell and release RNA 2. Creates new RNA and viral particles 3. New virions are released