Exam 2_PPT Cell Structure Flashcards
Why is Robert Hooke famous?
first to see a microbe (fungus) with microscope
Name 3 things Antoni van Leeuwenhoek was famous for.
Innovated lens making, used 300x microscopes, first saw bacteria
What is the ocular lens?
eyepiece, magnifies by 10x
What the specimen stage?
where the specimen (usually mounted onto a glass slide) is placed for observation.
What is the condenser?
gather light and concentrate it onto specimen
Iris Diaphragm
controls the amount of light that enters the objective lens
Objective lens
provides different magnifications,
What is total magnification?
the product of the magnifying power of the ocular lens and the objective lens
What are the 3 parts of cell theory?
all living things composed of one or more cells; cells is smallest unit of life; new cells arise from existing cells
Prokarytoic cells include?
Bacteria and Archaea
Eukaryotic cells include?
protists, plants, fungi, and animals
What are the 13 parts in an animal cell?
Ribosomes, Cytoskeleton, plasma membrane, mitochondrion, RER, Golgi Apparatus, Smooth ER, Nucleus, Centrioles, Lysosome, Nucleolus, Nuclear Membrane, Vacuole
Name the organelles in a plant cell
Cell Wall, Cell membrane, Golgi Apparatus, Central Vacuole, Chloroplast, Mitochondrion, Cytoplasm, RER, SER, Nucleus, Nucleolus, Golgi Vesicles, Ribosome
What does the phospholipid consist of?
hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
Name some parts of the plasma membrane
phospholipid, glycolipid, transmembrane protein, integral protein, glycoprotein, cytoskeleton
Name the 4 membrane bound proteins in plasma membrane
Receptor, Adhesion, Transport, Recognition
What is active transport?
moves against concentration gradient, requires energy, uses transport proteins
What do viruses attach on cell?
Glycoprotein receptors.
What do adhesion proteins do?
connect 2 cells so they can work as a unit
Name the 4 steps in the ER
Links amino acids, proteins modified, proteins depart, vesicles bud off
Name 3 step of Golgi body
Receives ER vesicle then sending out transport vesicle
What’s an ameoba?
single celled animal cell
Is mitochondria present in prokaryotes?
No
True of False, Prokaryotes have a nucleus.
False, prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus.
What is the nucleoid?
controls/wraps DNA
Do plants and animals have nucleoids?
No
Is energy required in passive transport?
No
How does passive transport work?
High concentration to low concentration.
Osmosis
passive transport of water across permeable membrane
What is isotonic?
solution of equal concentration.
water always goes from hypotonic to hypertonic. T or F?
True
What is plasmolysis in plant cells?
when very salty water is added to cells
What is active transport?
the movement of a substance across a membrane against a concentration gradient.
What are the 3 domains of life?
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota
Name 3 simple words to describe Bacteria
cells, living, can reproduce
Name 3 simple things about virus
Not cells, not living, reproduce only with a host
What are viruses made of?
protein coat, DNA (or RNA)
Name steps of how Virus attack:
- Enter cell and release RNA
- Creates new RNA and viral particles
- New virions are released
