EOC REVIEW: BOL- Cell Structure & Function Flashcards
Which type of cell has a nucleus?
Eukaryotic cells
Function of Carbohydrates
Provide energy and structure
Function of Lipids
Form membranes and store energy
Function of Protein
Workhouses of the cell, involved in transport, signaling, and enzymatic functions.
Function of Nucleic Acids
DNA and RNA store genetic information and direct protein synthesis
Nucleus Structure
DNA and RNA (nucleic acids), proteins for histones
Nucleus Function
Stores genetic information and controls cell activities
Ribosome Structure
RNA and protein
Ribosomes Function
Synthesizes proteins
Mitochondria Structure
Lipid membranes, enzymes (proteins) for ATP production
Mitochondria Function
Powerhouse- generates ATP
ER structure
Lipid membranes; proteins on rough ER
ER Function
Protein folding (rough ER), lipid synthesis (smooth ER)
Peroxisomes Structure
Lipid membrane, enzymes (proteins)
Peroxisomes Function
Breakdown of fatty acids and detoxification
Chloroplasts Structure
Lipid membranes, pigments (proteins), carbohydrates (starch)
Chloroplasts Function
Photosynthesis- converts light energy into sugars
Lysosomes Structure
Lipid membrane, digestive enzymes (proteins)
Lysosomes Function
Breaks down waste
Plasma Membrane Structure
Phospholipid bilayer, proteins for transport and signaling
Plasma Membrane Function
Controls what enters and exits the cell
Cell Wall Structure
Cellulose (carbohydrates)
Cell Wall Function
Provides structure and support
What is the endyosymbiosis theory?
The endosymbiosis theory suggests that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living prokaryotes (bacteria).
