Unit 3B: Basics of Life - Immune System Flashcards
What is active immunity?
Develops when the body is exposed to a pathogen and produces antibodies
What is passive immunity?
Occurs when antibodies are transferred from one person to another
What is inate immunity?
The body’s first line of defense, including physical barriers and immune cells that respond quickly
What is adaptive immunity?
Develops over time as the body learns to recognize and remember specific pathogens.
What are the different types of defenses in inate immunity?
Physical barriers, chemical defenses, cellular defenses, and inflammatory response.
What is an antigen?
Molecules on the surface of pathogens that trigger an immune response.
What is an antibody?
Proteins produced by B cells that specifically target antigens
What happens when white blood cells digest pathogens?
They show the antigens to helper T cells. The helper T cells send signals to B cells, which then provide antibodies, which in turn neutralize the pathogen.
What do killer T cells do?
They find body cells that have been infected by the pathogen and destroy those infected cells.
What are memory cells?
T and B cells.
What is a vaccine?
A vaccine contains weakened, killed, or parts of a virus/bacteria.
Who invented vaccines?
Edward Jenner
What is an autoimmune disease?
The immune system cannot differentiate between healthy cells and antigens.
What does HIV do?
It attacks the immune system, specifically T cells, and if it enters the lysogenic phase, it can lead to AIDS.
