Drugs for Parkinsonism and Alzheimer Disease

Question 1

A chronic, progressive neurologic disorder that affects the extrapyramidal motor tract, which controls posture, balance, and locomotion

Answer 1

Parkinson Disease

Question 2

Slow movement

Answer 2

Bradykinesia

Question 3

A chronic, progressive, neurodegenerative condition with marked cognitive dysfunction

Answer 3

Alzheimer Disease

Question 4

Frequently occurs as an adverse reaction to chlorpromazine, haloperidol, lithium, metoclopramide, methyldopa, and reserpine

Answer 4

Pseudoparkinsonism

Question 5

Drugs that stimulate dopamine receptors

Answer 5

Dopamine agonists

Question 6

Impaired voluntary movement

Answer 6

Dyskinesia

Question 7

The 5 categories of drugs used to treat Parkinson’s include:

Answer 7

1. Anticholinergics 2. Dopamine replacements 3. Dopamine agonists 4. MAO-B inhibitors 5. COMT inhibitors

Question 8

Benztropine and trihexypenidyl are examples of which type of antiparkinson drug?

Answer 8

Anticholinergic

Question 9

Anticholinergics block the effect of which neurotransmitter?

Answer 9

Acetylcholine

Question 10

Side effects of anticholinergics include:

Answer 10

Blurred vision, ocular hypertension, weakness, dry mouth, constipation, anhidrosis, and urinary retention

Question 11

Carbidopa-levodopa is an example of which type of antiparkinson drug?

Answer 11

Dopaminergic

Question 12

True or False: Unlike dopamine, levodopa can cross the blood brain barrier.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Side effects of dopaminergics include:

Answer 13

Fatigue, insomnia, dry mouth, blurred vision, orthostatic hypostension, palpitations, dysrhythmias, GI distress, urinary retention, psychosis, severe depression, agranulocytosis.

Question 14

True or False: Patients should take dopaminergics with high protein foods.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

True or False: Bromocriptine may be useful for patients who cannot tolerate carbidopa-levodopa.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Selegiline is an example of which type of antiparkinson drug?

Answer 16

MAO-B inhibitor

Question 17

MAO-B inhibitors work by:

Answer 17

inhibiting MAO-B, the enzyme that breaks down dopamine.

Question 18

Tolcapone and Entacapone are examples of which type of Antiparkinson drugs?

Answer 18

COMT inhibitors

Question 19

COMT inhibitors work by:

Answer 19

inhibiting the enzyme that inactivates dopamine

Question 20

True or False: Entacapone is less hepatotoxic than Tolcapone.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

True or False: Patients taking Entacapone should report discolored urine to their health care provider right away.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

Rivastigmine is an example of which type of Alzheimer’s drug?

Answer 22

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

Question 23

Side effects of anticholinesterases include:

Answer 23

Dizziness, headache, confusion, depression, dry mouth, GI distress, dehydration, weight loss, bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension, dysrhythmias, hepatotoxicity, suicidal ideation, Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Question 24

Memantine is an example of which type of Alzheimer’s drug?

Answer 24

NMDA receptor antagonist

Question 25

NMDA receptor antagonists block effects of which neurotransmitter?

Answer 25

Glutamate

Question 26

True or False: NMDA receptor antagonists have fewer side effects than cholinesterase inhibitors.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

How does bromocriptine work?

Answer 27

It acts directly on dopamine receptors in CNS, cardiovascular system & GI tract.

Question 28

What kinds of foods should be avoided with Selegiline?

Answer 28

Foods high in tyramine (cheese, banana, red wine, beer)