Urinary Disorders

Question 1

Microbial infection of any part of the urinary tract

Answer 1

UTI

Question 2

Prevents bacterial growth in the kidneys and bladder

Answer 2

Urinary antiseptics

Question 3

Drugs that relieve pain or burning the urinary tract

Answer 3

Urinary analgesics
Phenazopyridine (Azo, Pyridium)

Question 4

Drugs that cause increase tone of the urinary muscles

Answer 4

Urinary stimulants
Bethanechol

Question 5

A lower UTI, which frequently occurs in female patients due to a short urethra.

Answer 5

Acute cystitis

Question 6

An upper UTI, is commonly seen in women of childbearing age, older women, and young girls.

Answer 6

Acute pyelonephritis

Question 7

Another word for urination

Answer 7

micturition

Question 8

Drugs that have a direct action on the smooth muscles of the urinary tract

Answer 8

Antispasmodics
Oxybutynin (Ditropan)
Tolterodine tartrate (Detrol)

Question 9

What is the most common cause of cystitis?

Answer 9

E. coli

Question 10

Symptoms of cystitis include:

Answer 10

Pain and burning on urination, frequency, and urgency

Question 11

Lower UTIs in males are usually what?

Answer 11

prostatitis

Question 12

True or False: Symptoms of pyelonephritis are identical to lower UTIs.

Answer 12

False, Additional symptoms of pyelonephritis include fever/chills, flank pain and pyuria.

Question 13

What should always be done before starting a patient on antibiotics for a UTI?

Answer 13

UA with culture and sensitivity

Question 14

How is Fosfomycin tromethamine different from other antibiotics used to treat UTIs?

Answer 14

It only requires a single dose.

Question 15

What is the most commonly used fluoroquinolone for UTIs?

Answer 15

Ciprofloxacin

Question 16

What are common side effects of Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid/Macrodantin)?

Answer 16

Nausea, vomiting, c. diff diarrhea, peripheral neuropathy, and brown urine discoloration

Question 17

What patient teaching should be provided for those taking Nitrofurantoin?

Answer 17

It can stain teeth.
Avoid antacids.
Avoid operating heavy machinery.
Increase fluids and take with food.
It can turn urine brown.
Watch out for peripheral neuropathy.

Question 18

Which medication works best when urine is acidic?

Answer 18

Methenamine (Hiprex)

Question 19

What can the patient do to lower the urine pH?

Answer 19

Drink several glass of cranberry juice per day. Take vitamin C or ammonium chloride.

Question 20

True or False: Methanamide should not be taken with sulfonamides.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Side effects of Methanamide (Hiprex) include:

Answer 21

Nausea, vomiting, crystalluria, and elevated hepatic enzymes.

Question 22

True or False: Unlike other antiinfectives, TMP/SMZ does not cause GI distress.

Answer 22

False, it does also.

Question 23

Ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin are which type of drug?

Answer 23

Fluoroquinolones

Question 24

List the side effects of Fluoroquinolones; Ciprofloxacin (Cipro), Ofloxacin (Floxin), Levofloxacin (Levaquin):

Answer 24

Headache, dizziness, photosensitivity, visual impairment, peripheral neuropathy, GI distress, tendinitis, tendon rupture, seizures, and c. diff diarrhea.

Question 25

True or False: Phenazopyridine (Azo, Pyridium) is prescribed to get rid of UTIs.

Answer 25

False, it is used to treat pain from UTIs.

Question 26

What test can Phenazopyridine alter?

Answer 26

Clinitest, which is a glucose urine test.

Question 27

Bethanechol works by:

Answer 27

Increasing bladder tone of the detrusor muscle.

Question 28

Oxybutynin and Flavoxate are examples of which type of drugs?

Answer 28

Antispasmodics

Question 29

Tolterodine tartrate (Detrol) is used to:

Answer 29

Control an overactive bladder and decrease urge and urinary incontinence.

Question 30

True or False: Tolterodine tartrate (Detrol) can cause urinary retention.

Answer 30

True