Diseases of the Thoracic arch Flashcards
what doe ste righ sinus of the valsalva house
the rca in the righ coraonry ositum
what does hte left suinsu fo the valcuear houss
lca form the let coronary ostium
wher eis the coraory sinuse
int he assening aorta
what is the subtubural juction
wher the coraonry sinues are held
what is the role of the collagen in the tunica adventia
prevents eleastic arteries from stretchign beyond their physiological limits during systole
what is an aneurysm
a localised enlargemet of an artery caused by weakening of the vessel walls
what is a true anymreis
when the weakess asses all 3 layers of the vesles wall
what is a fualse anyrem
a rupure of aorta with the heamatoma either contained by the thin adventital layer or by the surroign soft tisue
what caues a true anysems
hypertension, smoking, bicuspid arotric valve, colagen abnmriles - marfans, infection, traume
what causes a false anumrs
trama, latrogenic (side effect of treatment), inflamton e.g. endocarditis
what are the 2 types of true aneurysms
saccular (sinlge) and fusiform (two or more)
what are the sytom of a aortic aneurysm
sob, dysphagia and horsness, back pain, shart chest pain radiating to back, hypotension, pulsatile mass
what are the investigations for a aortic aneurysm
cxr, endocardial gram, ct angiogram, mri aorta
what is a aortic dissection
where there is a tear in the inner wall f the arota causing blood to force blood apart
what are factors wihc cuase dissection
hypertension, atherscheloris, marfans syndrome, bicuspid aortic valve, trauma, sythelis takayasus arteris,
whta does a aortic disection look like on histlicy
cystic medial necrosis
what braches can a aortic disection occule
coronary, mesenteric, carotid, renal, spinal
wher can a repture of a diseciton occur
into back of pericardum - cardiac tamponade or mediastium
what is the effect the aorti cvalce of aortic dissection
may cause it to regurgitate
what is a type a aoritc disction
when it only the asending aorta in any whay
what is a type b aortic anyes
one which does not effect the asending aorta
what are the symptoms ofa aortic dissection
chest pain, severe - sharp interscapula
collaplse - due to tampade or external rupare
stroke - involve of caratioares
what do you seen on examation ofa aortic dissection
reduce or absent peripheral pulses, hypertension or hypotension, bp mismatch between sides, soft early disastoli murmur, pulmonary odeam, signs of cva
what is the investigation of aotitic arch dissection
ecg, cxr, thransthroacic endocardiogram, ct angiogram
