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Cardiovascular > cvs physiology 5 - regulatoin of stroke volume and heart rate > Flashcards

cvs physiology 5 - regulatoin of stroke volume and heart rate Flashcards

1
Q

what type of molcule is used in sympathetic system

A

noradrenalive

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2
Q

where is ciruclating adrenaline relased from

A

adrenal medulla

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3
Q

what type sympathetic of receptor is on the heart,

A

b1

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4
Q

what node is respione for the sympatheic action of the heart

A

sinoarterail

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5
Q

what effect does noradrenaline and adrenalive have on the heart

A

increases the slope of the pace maker poteial, meaning that it depolaes sooner and faster leading to tachycardia

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6
Q

what nerve is parasympatheic

A

vagus

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7
Q

what chemical does the vagus nerve release

A

acetylcholine

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8
Q

where does actely choline cuase effect on the heart

A

sinoartial node

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9
Q

what does acetly choline do the heart

A

hyperpolorises it and decrease the slope of the pacemaker poteinal causing bradycardia

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10
Q

what does startling law state

A

the endergy of contraction is proportail to the initial lenggh of the cardiac muscle fiber

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11
Q

what happens when the tension lengh cure is at its peak

A

the mysasin gand actin are both perfectly streached

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12
Q

what happens in the tensin an dlengh curve before peak

A

myasin and actin interfer with each over

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13
Q

what happens in the tension and lengh curve before the peak

A

myasin and actin are overstreahed reducign tension output

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14
Q

what effect does end distol pressure have on stroke voulem

A

increased end distoil pressure increase stoke voume, up to a peak

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15
Q

what happens if there is decreased end diastolic volume

A

decfreaed stoke voume

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16
Q

what is the benifit of teh end diastolic volume and stroke volume relationship

A

ensures right and left venticles work toghether

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17
Q

afterload

A

the load agains whoc te musle treies to contraction, determined by arteil pressure which the blood is ejected, affetec by total periphe resitance

18
Q

what is total peripheral resisitance maily effected by

A

arteriolies

19
Q

what happens if tpr increaes to stoke volume

A

stroke volume will go down due to more energy being wasted building up enough pressure to open the aortic valvue

20
Q

what type of effect is contractitility

A

ionotropic

21
Q

what does sympathi stimulation do to stroke volume

A

increases it

22
Q

what does para sympathic do to stoke volume

A

little effect as vagus nerve does not innervate the ventricular musle

23
Q

what is preload

A

how full the ventirice is bofre it started contraction ie. the end distolive voume,

24
Q

what effects preload

A

contraction of venules/ vains

25
Q

what is contractivilty

A

how strong a contraction is produced fo rany gie preload or afterload

26
Q

what is the equation for cardica output

A

heartrate times stroke volume

27
Q

why does cardica output stay the same when heart rate increases

A

as stroke volume decreasese, due to shorted cardiac intervals in the rapid filing phae, reduign end distoli voume and preload so stroke volume is reduced

28
Q

what facotrs cause heart rate to increase

A

decreased vagal tone (through vagus nerve)
increased sympathetic tone

29
Q

what factors cause contractibilty to increase

A

increased sympatheic tone
altered inotropic state - and shotens systole

30
Q

what is inotropic state

A

the strengh of contractions of the heart muscles

31
Q

what increase the venous return to the heart

A

venoconstiction and skeletal/ respiratory pumps
whihc maintoins preolad

32
Q

what decrease the total peripheal resiance

A

arterla dilation in musle, skin and heart

33
Q

effect of increaed tpr

A

reduced afterload

34
Q

stroke volume

A

amount of blood puped by one venticle during a contraction

35
Q

what channles are depolaed in arasympthic conraol

A

k+ and ca

36
Q

what effect does k+ and ca2+ proteins have on the surface of the cell

A

increasign solubility it hyperpolsing the cell

37
Q

what effect does parasymptic control have on ca2+

A

decrease solubility, , decreasting the depolorisztio of the cell

38
Q

what is the effect of camp on ino channles

A

mean they are open longer , increasign the perilmly of an and ca

39
Q

what is the affect of noradrenalive on a1 recepots

A

vasoconsticiton

40
Q

Ionotropic

A

modifiy the force or speed of contraction of the heart musles

41
Q

what happens to startling curve if you increased afterload

A

shifts it to the right

42
Q

what happens to starlng curve if you reduce afterload

A

shirft is down a d to the right

Cardiovascular (37 decks)

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