Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiovascular > chronic heart failure > Flashcards

chronic heart failure Flashcards

1
Q

what are teh signs of heart failure

A

breathlessnes , fatique, odema, redued exercise capaicy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the symptoms of cardica failure

A

odema, tachycardia, raised jvp, chest crepitation or effusions, 3rd heart sounds, displaced or abdnomral apex beat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does the eupropan soc caroii gudies say for diagnos of heart faiure

A

symptoms, objuectiove evied of cardiac dysfjcion and response to theraphy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are imaging availbe for cardica dysfuciton

A

endocardiography, radionuclide ventciculograghy, mri, left ventriucar graphy, CT angiogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what ar ethe screenign available for cardiac dysfunciton

A

12 lead ecg, bnp, autoantiboide, viral serology ferritin(iorn)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what cell realse bnp

A

heart cell in erspone to stres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

is bnp higher or lower in chf

A

higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what can cause heart failure stuctal cahnges

A

left vencil sytolic dysfuion
vavular heart disase
pericaridal contricution or effusion
lv diastolic dysfcutio / heart failurew with preserved systolic function/ heart failure with normal ejection fraction
cardica arrhythmias - tachy or brady
myocardial ischaemia / infracion - usully via lvsd
restrie cardoimyopahty e.g amyloi hcm
right venticlaur failruew - primary or secore to pul hyperteoins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are causes of lv systolic dyfcution

A

ischam herat diase - often mi
dilated cario myophay as a result of the following
- inherited
toxin e.g alcohol, catecholamines e.g. phaochromomocyotma or stress, cardiomyopathy
- viral e.g. hiv, chagas diase, lyme diasae
systemic diase .e.g sarcoids, haemacrhoatois, sle, mitocral sia
muscular dystorphes
peripartum cariomyopy
hypertension
isolated non compaction
tachy cardi result cardiophhy
rv. pacing induced cardiomyopathy
end stage hypertrophic cario mpyapthy
end stage arrhmogenic rv cariomyopnaty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what should be inculded in the history for a lvsd

A

if theya re a hill waleker, e.g. lime diase
family history
renal failure
anameia
excluding phaemocytoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does echocardiography do

A

identify and quantify lv systolic dysfucion, valvular dysfjuciton, pericardil effusio, tamponade, diastolic dysucion, lvh, artail and ventilca shuts, pulonary hypertion, edv and ejection fraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what lower lv ejection fraction

A

diseae, analagous to haemoglobin/ anameia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what factors effect the abitly for a left venticura ejection fraction to be read properly by echo

A

quality of images, experienced operator, calculation methods vary, use of contrast agent, time consuming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the ejection fraction for norla chf

A

55-70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the ejection fraction for mild chf

A

40-55%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the ejection fraction for moderate chf

A

30-40%

17
Q

what is the ejection fraction for severe chf

A

less than 30%

18
Q

what is biplane modifed symptons ruel

A

it dives ventices in to know size and uses a copute agry to work out the inner voluem

19
Q

what two fctso does biplane modifed sympons hrule use

A

thrickens and diapmerter

20
Q

muga scan

A

measures the ejection fraction of your heart

21
Q

what is the down sides of a muga scan

A

ioisating radion, no additional stural information

22
Q

what is special about a cardiac mri

A

it is more accurate than echo, it shows addition tissue cahtris

23
Q

downsies to cardiac mri

A

exspeice, time consuming need to hold bereath, cannoth be down at bedside, claustaphobia

24
Q

what 3 factors are used to grade the severity of cardiovascular disaes

A

degreee of lv imparentnyha clases , degree of elevated bnp

25
Q

what are the classes ofhnyha for heart failuerw

A

1 - no limitaion - no sympthons
2- mild limation - comalbe when rest or mild exertion
3- moderate limaion- only comfortable at rest
4- severe limtio - any phcl activity bring on diomfao stand symptoms occur at rest

26
Q

what is nora end diastoilc volue

A

100ml

27
Q

what is mormal ejection fraction

A

60%

28
Q

what happen do herat rate in chf

A

it increase

29
Q

what happens to ejeciotn fraction in chf

A

is redued in percentage terms,

30
Q

what happens to end diastolic voluem in chf

A

increased to about 200m

31
Q

what amoun of blood is ejected in normal heart and in CHF per beat

A

60ml

32
Q

what isthe effec of raas on chf

A

salt and wwtaer rention
adverse hameodynamics
lv hypertropy repilling and fibrous
hypokalami and hypomalgnesaemia

33
Q

what is the systems effected by chf

A

cardiac renal, skelka, sytematic inflaiton, neyohormal maladaption

34
Q

what does hte symphatic cirlcion do

A

incese rening, arrhyomgic

35
Q

treatmetn drugs for chf

A

ace inhibitors, beta blockers, aldorsl blocekr, diureaic, arni - angioten recopor and neprolysin inhibirtors

Cardiovascular (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions