CVS physiology 7

Question 1

what can a precapilly spinger do

Answer 1

close off capialry in response to local signals

Question 2

What do contius cappilarys have

Answer 2

leaky juctions

Question 3

what do festeraed capily have

Answer 3

large pores

Question 4

what is transcytoiss

Answer 4

where the prtein and macromoleues across the endotheleuim

Question 5

what special function can transodies vessles do

Answer 5

fuse thoguher

Question 6

where are contius cappilres with no clefts often found

Answer 6

brain,

Question 7

where are contiues capilles with clefts often found

Answer 7

musles

Question 8

where are fenestreaed cappilers often found

Answer 8

kidnesy and liver and intesties,

Question 9

what are disconitus

Answer 9

wher both clefts and pores are found

Question 10

where a disconitus cappilers found

Answer 10

liver

Question 11

what is starling forces

Answer 11

the difference in hydrostatic pressure and colloid oncotic pressure

Question 12

where do non polar subasance diffuse across capilaires

Answer 12

phospholipid membrane

Question 13

where do polar subsance diffuse across hte cappilaries

Answer 13

clefts/ pores

Question 14

what is an example of carrier mediated transport

Answer 14

glucose to the brain

Question 15

what is darcys law

Answer 15

says that flow = pressure/resitance

Question 16

what is net filtration pressure equation

Answer 16

(hc-hif) - (pic-pif)

Question 17

what are the two determing factros of startling law

Answer 17

capilly hydrostaic pressure vs isf hydrostaic pressure
plasma hydrostaic pressure - isf hydrosatic pressure

Question 18

how much fluid is lost per day

Answer 18

20l

Question 19

how much fluid is picked up per day

Answer 19

17 l

Question 20

what hapens to the remaing fluid

Answer 20

it is picked up by the lymp system

Question 21

odema causes

Answer 21

rasied cvp , lymphatic obsution, hypoproteinaemia, increased capillary permeability

Question 22

what are causes of cvp

Answer 22

ventricular failure

Question 23

what are the caues of lymph obstruciotn

Answer 23

filariasis, surgury

Question 24

what is the causes of hypoproteinanemia

Answer 24

nephrotic syndrome, liver failure, malnutrition

Question 25

what is the cause of increased capillary permeabilty

Answer 25

rhumatism

Question 27

what is poulie law

Answer 27

resisance = (viscoity time lengh times 8)/(radius to the power of 4 times Pi)

Question 28

what is the subsitusio of darcys law and poulines law for flow

Answer 28

flow = (pressure times radius to the 4th power times pi)/ n timse l8)

Question 29

what is the equation for mean arterial pressure

Answer 29

co times tpr

Question 30

what does local / instinsic smooth musle control incovle

Answer 30

indivula organs

Question 31

what does central/ extrinsic smooth musle controla incove

Answer 31

ensure that met ot eh towat pherial resiton for the whole body is correct

Question 32

what is local instic controals metablic contraol do

Answer 32

hyperameia this caues a increase in metabolic activity, and an increased in the conc of metabolites this triggers the release of paracrine singa e.g. edrf or no this cause arteril dilation this washes out metabolites this is an adaption to math blood supply to the metabolic needs of that tissue

Question 33

what is local instics control of pressure / flow reguationin

Answer 33

a decrease in perfusoin, cuaes mean arteiril pressure to rise, decerasing flow, metabolites accumeualte thisrelase paracrine signa; arterioles dialte and flow is restored to normal this adapton is desired to ensure that the tissue maintain its blood supply despidet changes in map

Question 34

what is reactive hyperaemia

Answer 34

a trigger is occulion of blood supply increased blood flow

Question 35

what is injury respone stages

Answer 35

c fiber, then substance p, then mast cell, then histame, this ledas ot arterial dilation and increased blood flow wn

Question 36

what does the nerual contoal innervate

Answer 36

parasymphat and sympathi

Question 37

what is the effect of hte nura control sympathic pathway

Answer 37

realse rnorlaia, this binds to alpha one recoreps , this leads to arterilar contsion, and decred blood flow through that iisu and incerse tpr and map.

Question 38

what organs are effected by the incresed flow udign parasympathi nerves

Answer 38

genitaltia dn slaviary glands

Question 39

what is the effect of b2 recerptors activation on keltela and cartic musles

Answer 39

caues arterl dilation, therfore increaed flow through that tiss and decrease tpr

Question 40

when is coronary blood supply interuped

Answer 40

systole

Question 41

what function does the heart show during reduced blood supoly

Answer 41

hyperaemia

Question 42

what is a special characteristic of cerebral circulation

Answer 42

shows excellent presure autoregulaations

Question 43

what is the spection characterist of puoary circulation

Answer 43

reduced o2 cause arteilar contstoin to reducire blood to best ventilared parts

Question 44

what is the special characteristic of the renal circulation

Answer 44

filtration, ket constant during noraml fluctations in map, excellent pressure autoregulation

Question 45

hyperemaia

Answer 45

when there is more blood than normal to the body tissues