Developmental area: Bandura Flashcards
What is classical conditioning?
Learning through association
What is operant conditioning?
Learning as a result of rewards and punishments
What does social learning theory suggest about how learning takes place?
Learning through observation and imitating behaviour of others
What was the aim of Bandura’s study?
To see whether children would imitate aggressive behaviour when given the opportunity, even if they saw these behaviours in a different environment and the original ‘model’ was no longer present
What was hypothesis 1 from Bandura’s study?
‘Subjects exposed to aggressive models would reproduce aggressive acts resembling those of their models’
What was hypothesis 2 from Bandura’s study?
‘Observation of subdued non-aggressive models would have a generalised inhibiting effect on the subjects’ subsequent behaviour’
What was hypothesis 3 from Bandura’s study?
Subjects would “imitate the behaviour of a same sex model to a greater degree than a model of the opposite sex”
What was hypothesis 4 from Bandura’s study?
‘Boys should be more pre-disposed than girls toward imitating aggression’
What research method did Bandura use?
Lab experiment
Observation
Snapshot
How many participants took part in Bandura’s study?
36 boys and 36 girls
Describe the sample in Bandura’s study
All children enrolled at Stanford University nursery school, ranged in age from 37 to 69 months with a mean age of 52 months
What sampling method was used in the study?
Opportunity
How did Bandura control for participant variables before the experiment?
They were assessed by the experimenter and nursery school teacher on four 5 point scales for prior levels of aggressivenesss
What were the four 5 point scales assessing?
Physical aggression
Verbal aggression
Aggression toward inanimate objects
Aggression inhibition
What was the correlation coefficient between the two raters and what does this suggest?
r = 0.89 which suggests a high level of inter-rater reliability
What type of experimental design was Bandura’s study?
Matched groups
Describe how the groups were matched
The children were arranged into triplets on the basis of their aggression scores and then randomly assignedto one of the 2 experimental conditions (aggressive/non aggressive model) or the control group
What were the IVs for Bandura’s study?
Model: (non)aggressive
Model: M/F
Child: M/F
What were the model conditions?
Aggressive male Aggressive female Non-aggressive male Non-aggressive female No model
Outline the toys available to the child in stage 1
Potato printing and stickers
Outline the toys which the model had in stage 1
Tinker toys, bobo doll and a mallet
How long did the model play with the tinker toys for in stage 1 before turning to the bobo doll? (aggressive model)
1 minute