Cognitive area: Moray Flashcards
What is the cognitive area of psychology interested in?
How we process information and respond to stimuli
What was the focus of Moray’s study?
Auditory attention
What is the background for Moray’s study?
Cherry’s research into the ‘cocktail party effect’ through dichotic listening tasks
What was the aim of Moray’s first study?
To test Cherry’s findings into recalling a rejected passage in a shadowing task through dichotic listening
What was the aim of Moray’s second and third study?
To investigate factors that can affect attention in dichotic listening
Name the tape recorder used in the study
Brenell mark IV tape recorder with two separate outputs into headphones
What gender was the speaker in the recordings?
Male
What was the volume level of each recording?
60 dB, loud enough for the P’s to just about hear them
What was the pre test?
4 passages of prose for the P’s to shadow for practice and to tell the researcher when the passages appeared to be the same volume
Describe the sample for experiment 1
Undergrads and research workers of both sexes
What was faded in and out of one ear while the participants shadowed a prose message in the other ear?
A list of simple words
How many times was each word repeated in the list of words?
35 times
After the passage was complete, what were P’s asked to report? (experiment one)
The content of the shadowed message
After P’s had recalled the content of the shadowed message what type of test were they given? (experiment one)
A recognition test
What was the recognition test composed of?
21 words (7 in the passage, 7 from list and 7 others)
What was the gap between the shadowing and the test? (experiment one)
30 seconds
What was the mean number of recognised words from the 7 words in the shadowed passage?
4.9
What was the mean number of recognised words from the 7 words in the rejected passage?
1.9
What was the mean number of recognised words from the 7 words in neither passage?
2.6
What did Moray conclude in terms of Cherry’s findings from experiment one?
P’s are more able to recognise words from the shadowed passage and almost none of the words from the rejected passage could break the inattentional barrier and therefore supports Cherry’s findings
What was the aim of experiment 2?
Moray wanted to find out what could break the inattentional barrier. Would a message with strong enough meaning to the P be able to break the barrier
Describe the sample used in experiment 2
12 participants
What was the IV of experiment 2?
Whether an instruction within a rejected passage was preceded by the participants name (affective) or was nor preceded by the participants name (non-affective)
What was the DV of experiment 2?
Whether P’s were more likely to hear an instruction in a message theyre not paying attention to if it is preceded by their name