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Pharm Midterm 1 > Contraceptives > Flashcards

Contraceptives Flashcards

1
Q

What can contraceptives be used for aside from preventing pregnancies

A

Menstrual cycle regulation
Reduction of premenstrual symptoms
Tx of acne

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2
Q

What are the Estrogen contraceptives

A

Ethinyl estradiol

Mestranol (prodrug of above)

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3
Q

What are the Progestin contraceptives? Rank from highest to lowest androgenic activity

A

Levonorgestrel and Norgestrel
Norethindrone
Desogestrel and Norgestimate
Drospirenone (anti-androgenic)

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4
Q

What are the non-hormonal contraceptives

A

Barrier
IUD
Sterilization

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5
Q

What are the combined oral contraceptives

A

Monophasic
Biphasic
Triphasic

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6
Q

What is in Monophasic

A

Fixed dose in each pill

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7
Q

What is in Biphasic and Triphasic

A

Variable proportions of each hormone

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8
Q

How do combined oral contraceptives work

A

Suppress FSH and LH (prevent ovulation)

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9
Q

How does Progestin act

A

Thickens cervical mucus

Impairs implantation

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10
Q

How do you limit AE of oral combined contraceptives

A

Low doses

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11
Q

What do combined oral contraceptives have a protective effect over

A 
Endometrial/Ovarian CA
Benign breast disease
Ovarian cysts
PID
Acne
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12
Q

What is the most common combined oral contraceptive cycle

A

21 active 7 placebo

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13
Q

What are the most common AE of combined oral contraceptives

A

Nausea, bloating

Breakthrough bleeding

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14
Q

What are the most notable AE of combined oral contraceptives

A 
Hirsuitism
Oily skin
Acne
Melasma
Amenorrhea
Dyslipidemia
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15
Q

What is the CVD effect of combined oral contraceptives

A

Increased VII, X and fibrinogen

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16
Q

What are the main combined oral contraceptives contraindications

A 
Thromboembolic	 disease 
Stroke,CAD 	
BreastCA,estrogendependentneoplasm 
Hepatictumorsorliverdisease 	
Abnormaluterinebleeding 
Heavysmokingover 35
17
Q

What are the minor contraindications for combined oral contraceptives

A 
Migraine
HTN
Diabetes
Fibroids
Breast feeding
Smoking
18
Q

What do you not want to give with combined oral contraceptives

A

P450 inducers

Broad spectrum ABx - Rifampin

19
Q

What are the Pregestin Pills

A

Norgestrel

Norethindrone

20
Q

What is the advantage of progestin pills over combined OCPs

A

No thromboembolism

21
Q

What do Progestin pills do

A

Decrease dysmenorrhea
Decrease menstrual blood loss
Decrease PMS Sx

22
Q

How do Progestin pills act

A

Block ovulation in 60-80% of cycles
Thickening of cervical mucus
Endometrial alterations to impair implantation

23
Q

Progestin pill AEs

A

Unscheduled bleeding

Spotting

24
Q

What are the Non-Oral Hormonal Contraceptives

A 
Patch
Ring
Progestin injection
Progestin implant
Intrauterine systems
25
Q

What’s in the patch

A

Ethinyl estradiol

Progestin

26
Q

What’s in the ring

A

Transvaginal patch basically
Ethinyl estradiol
Progestin

27
Q

What’s the Progestin injection

A

Depo-Provera

Contains DMPA

28
Q

How often do you get the Progestin injection

A

IM every 3 months

29
Q

Progestin injection AE

A

Menstrual irregularities
Weight gain
Loss of bone mineral density (BLACK BOX)

30
Q

Where is the Progestin implant placed

A

Under skin in upper arm

31
Q

AE for Progestin implant

A

Irregular menstrual bleeding

32
Q

How long does the Progestin implant last

A

3 years

33
Q

What does the Polyethylene Intrauterine system contain

A

Levonorgestrel

34
Q

How long does the Intrauterine system last

A

5 years

35
Q

Hormonal methods of post-coital contraception

A

Levonorgestrel
Ulipristal acetate
High dose norgestrel

36
Q

How is Levonorgestrel administered in post-coital contraception

A

Before 72hrs and 12hrs after that

37
Q

What does Ulipristal acetate do

A

Inhibit/Delay ovulation

38
Q

How and what non-hormonal post-coital contraception is used

A

Copper IUD

Insert within 5 days

Pharm Midterm 1 (36 decks)

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