Clinical Correlations Flashcards
Winged scapula involves lesions of roots. What roots are affected? What nerve?
C5-C7; Long thoracic nerve
What muscles are affected by winged scapula? This leads to what lost actions?
serratus anterior; anchoring of scapula to thoracic cage, protraction
In regards to winged scapula, what is the position of the injured limb?
posterior protrusion of medial aspect of scapula
What are some examples of injuries leading to winged scapula?
stab woud, axillary lymph node dissection during a mastectomy
Injury to another nerve could also cause winged scapula. Which one?
Dorsal scapular nerve
Injuries to the back would cause winged scapula by the ____ _____ nerve and injuries to the lateral side of the thorax or axilla region would cause winged scapula by ___ ___ nerve
dorsal scapular; long thoracic
In this palsy, roots C5-C6 are affected. Possible muscles affected are deltoid, suprispinatus, infraspinatus, and biceps brachii.
Erb-Duchenne Palsy
What are the actions lost in Erb-Duchenne Palsy?
elbow flexion, external rotation, abduction, supination
What is the position of the injured limb in Erb-Duchenne Palsy?
adducted, pronated, internally rotated, elbow extension
note: “waiter’s tip”
What is an example injury causing Erb-Duchenne Palsy?
infants - lateral traction on neck during delivery
adult - trauma
In this palsy, roots C8-T1 (lower trunk) are affected. The muscles affected are lumbricals, interpose, thinner, and hypothenar intrinsic hand muscles
klumpke palsy
What actions are lost in Klumpke palsy?
MP joint flexion, PIP/DIP joint extension
What is the position of the injured limb in Klumpke palsy?
MCP joint extended, PIP and DIP joint flexed
note: “bear claw hand’
What are some examples of injury resulting in Klumpke palsy?
infant - upward force on arm during delivery
adult - trauma
Why are all intrinsic hand muscles affected in Klumpke palsy?
because C8-T1 are roots found in the radial, median, and ulnar nerve
What roots are affected in Radial nerve palsy? Where is the location of the lesion?
C5-T1; arm/axilla
What are the possible muscles affected by radial nerve palsy?
triceps brachii and posterior forearm muscles
What action is lost in radial nerve palsy?
extension of elbow, wrist, and fingers
What is the position of the injured limb in radial nerve palsy?
flexion of elbow, wrist, and fingers
What are some examples of injuries resulting in radial nerve palsy?
mid-shaft fracture of humerus, compression of the axilla
A lesion near the wrist involving the ulnar nerve would be considered what nerve palsy?
ulnar claw
What roots are involved in ulnar claw?
C8-T1
What muscles are involved in ulnar claw?
interossei, lumbricals (4th and 5th digit), adductor pollicis, opponens digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, abductor digiti minimi
What are the lost actions involved in ulnar claw?
flexion of MP (4th and 5th digits), extension of IP (digits 4 and 5), adduction of 1st digit, opposition, flexion, and abduction of 5th digit
