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Anatomy > Arm and Brachial Musculature > Flashcards

Arm and Brachial Musculature Flashcards

1
Q

The lateral surface of the scapula supports an ovoid articular surface, the ___ fossa

A

glenoid

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2
Q

Roughened muscle attachment sites are located immediately superior (______ tuberosity) and inferior (______ tuberosity) to the glenoid fossa

A

supraglenoid; infragelnoid

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3
Q

The glnenoid fossa is extended laterally by a rim of fibrocartilage called the ___ ____

A

glenoid labrum

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4
Q

The tendon of the long head of ___ ____ integrates with the superior margin of the glenoid labrum as it passes through the glenohmeral joint to insert on the supraglenoid tuberosity

A

biceps brachii

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5
Q

The synovial membrane of the glenohumeral joint anchors medially on the outer margin of the glenoid labrum, and laterally along the anatomical neck of the humerus. There are three specializations of this synovial system. What are they?

A
  1. the synovial membrane is expansive inferiorly, forming the axillary recess
  2. the synovial membrane extends along the tendon of the long head of biceps brachia all the way into the intertubercular groove. In this way the membrane forms a lubricating sheath around this tendon preventing it from abrading against bone
  3. the synovial membrane evaginates anterosuperiorly forming the subtendinous bursa of the subscapularis
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6
Q

The coracohumeral ligament spans form the ___ of the coracoid process along the superior surface of the glenohumeral joint to the ___ ____

A

base; greater tubercle

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7
Q

This ligament attaches to the lesser and greater tubercles, spanning the intertubercular groove and functioning to prevent bowstringing of the tendon of biceps brachii

A

transverse humeral ligament

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8
Q

____ bursa is located immediately inferior to the accordion process and immediately superior to the tendon of supraspinatus

A

subacromial

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9
Q

The subacromial bursa is continuous distally with a second bursa, the ___ bursa, located superior to glenohumeral joint and greater tubercle and inferior to the deltoid

A

subdeltoid

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10
Q

Where is the subtendinous bursa of the subscapularis located?

A

anterior to the subacromial bursa, deep to the coracoid process and superficial to the tendon of subscapularis

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11
Q

This muscle is large, superficial, shaped like an inverted triangle and forms the rounded eminence of the shoulder

A

deltoid

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12
Q

what are the attachments of the deltoid

A

arises proximally from the lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula to insert distally into the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

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13
Q

what innervates the deltoid

A

axillary nerve

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14
Q

what are the actions of the deltoid?

A

entire muscle abducts arm from 15 to 120 degrees; anterior part flexes and medially rotates arm; posterior part extends and laterally rotates arm

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15
Q

The integrity of the proximal radioulnar joint is maintained by the ___ ligament which is attached to the superior margin of the radial notch, loops around the head and neck of the radius, then attaches to the inferior margin of the radial notch and the posterior surface of the ulna

A

annular

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16
Q

Dislocation of the radiulnar joint due to freeing of the annular ligament is called “____” elbow

A

nursemaid’s

note: happens with sharp jerks of the hand or forearm in children

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17
Q

The ulnar collateral ligament has three bands. Name and describe each

A
  1. anterior band: thickest, connects the medial epicondyle to the tubercle located on the medial surface of the coronoid process
  2. posterior band: broad, thin, sheet-like ligament spanning from the medial epicondyle to the medial margin of the olecranon
  3. oblique band: connects the distal tip of the medial olecranon to the tubercle on the medial surface of the coronoid process, runs from one portion of the ulna to another but crosses and strengthens the humeroulnar joint
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18
Q

Flexion of the elbow ____ the angle between the arm and forearm

A

decreases

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19
Q

Flexion of the elbow is achieved by the actions of ___ and ___ ___

A

brachialis; biceps brachii

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20
Q

Extension of the elbow is achieved by the actions of ___ ____ and ____

A

triceps brachii; anconeus

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21
Q

during extension, the radius moves ____, no extensor muscle inserts on the radius

A

passively

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22
Q

What is pronation of the forearm?

A

rotation of the forearm such that the palmar surface of the hand faces posteriorly

23
Q

pronation of the forearm is achieved by the actions of ____ ___ and ____ _____

A

pronator teres; pronator quadratus

24
Q

What is supination of the forearm?

A

rotation of the forearm such that the palmar surface of the hand faces anteriorly

25
Q

Supination of the forearm is achieved by the actions of ____ ____ and ____

A

biceps brachii; supinator

26
Q

The deep fascia of the arm is the ___ fascia

A

brachial

27
Q

This muscles is large, three-headed and located on the posterior arm

A

triceps brachii

28
Q

Give the origins of the long, lateral, and medial heads of triceps brachii

A

long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
lateral head: humerus, proximal and lateral to th eradial groove and from the lateral intermuscular septum
medial head: from the humerus, distal and medial to the radial groove and from the medial intermuscular septum

29
Q

What is the insertion of the triceps brachia?

A

the three heads converge onto a single strong tendon which inserts on the olecranon process of the ulna. The subtendinous olecranon bursa protects this tendon from the rough surface of the olecranon

30
Q

What is the action of triceps brachii

A

extension of forearm

note: the medial head is active in all phases of extension , while the other two heads are recruited when extra power is needed

31
Q

What innervates triceps brachia?

A

radial nerve

32
Q

What is the vascular supply of triceps brachia?

A

profunda brachii (deep brachial) artery

33
Q

The ___ head of triceps brachia weaves between teres major and teres minor producing the quadrangular space, triangular space, and triangular interval

A

long

34
Q

This muscle is a small, triangular muscle on posterolateral aspect of elbow

A

anconeus

35
Q

What is the origin of anconeus?

A

the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

36
Q

What is the insertion of the anconeus?

A

olecranon and adjacent shaft of ulna

37
Q

What is the action of anconeus?

A

assists in extending the forearm and stabilizing the elbow joint and joint capsule

38
Q

What innervates anconeus?

A

radial nerve

39
Q

What is the vascular supply of anconeus?

A

profunda brachii artery and recurrent interosseus artery

40
Q

this muscle is short, slender, and in the proximal, medial portion of the arm

A

coracobrachialis

41
Q

What is the origin of coracobrachialis?

A

coracoid process

42
Q

What is the insertion of coracobrachialis?

A

medial surface of mid humerus

43
Q

What is the action of coracobrachialis?

A

assits in flexion and adduction of the arm at the shoulder joint

44
Q

What innervates coracobrachialis?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

45
Q

What is the vascular supply of coracobrachialis?

A

brachial artery

46
Q

___ is a flat, broad, strap-like muscle on the arm that acts as the primary flexor of the forearm/elbow

A

brachialis

47
Q

What is the origin and insertion of brachialis?

A

origin: distal half of anterior surface of the humerus
insertion: the ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process of the ulna

48
Q

What is the innervation and vascular supply of brachialis?

A

innervation: musculocutaneous nerve

vascular supply: raidal recurrent artery

49
Q

___ ___ is a long, fusiform muscle with two heads, separated proximally that acts as the most powerful supiantory and also flexes the forearm/elbow and flexes, abducts the arm

A

biceps brachii

50
Q

origin of short and long head of biceps brachii

A

short head: coracoid process

long head: supraglenoid tubercle

51
Q

The bicipitoradial bursa protects the tendon of biceps brachii from what?

A

abrasion from the tuberosity

52
Q

the bicipital aponeurosis arises as a wide, thin tendinous sheet. it sweeps inferomedially and memes with what fascia?

A

antebrachial

53
Q

What innervates the biceps brachii?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

54
Q

What is the vascular supply of biceps brachii?

A

brachial artery

Anatomy (44 decks)

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