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Anatomy > chpater 25 > Flashcards

chpater 25 Flashcards

1
Q

digestive system

A

-digestive tract and accessory organs

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2
Q

digestive tract

A

-mouth
-pharynx
-esophagus
-stomach
-si and li

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3
Q

accessory organs

A

-teeth
-tongue
-salivary glands
-pancrease
-liver
-gallbladder

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4
Q

digestive system functions

A

-ingestion, mechanical processing, digestion, secretion, absorption, exceretion and compaction

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5
Q

mechanical processing

A

chewing and swallowing

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6
Q

secretion

A

secretion of products by the lining of the digestive tract and accessory organs

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7
Q

absopriton

A

nutrients from the small intestien to the bloodstream

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8
Q

compaction

A

progressive dehydration of organic wastes

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9
Q

stomach

A

enzymatic break down of food

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10
Q

small intestine

A

enzymatic break down and absorption of nutrients tot he bloodstream

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11
Q

salivary glands

A

enzymes that begin digestion

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12
Q

pancrease

A

enzymes that enter the small intestine to digest food q

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13
Q

liver

A

produce bile for fat emulsification in small intestine

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14
Q

gallbladder

A

stores bile

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15
Q

large intestine

A

remove solid waste, reabsorb water into bloodstream and house bacteria that make vitamin k for blood clotting

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16
Q

four layers to digestive tract

A

-mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa/ visceral peritoneum

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17
Q

mucosa

A

inner lining of digestive tract
-in small intestine it makes plicae/ folds to increase surface area for absorption

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18
Q

submucosa

A

-surrounds muscularis mucosae
-blood vessels and lymph layers
-submucosal plexus innervates it (sensory neurons, parasympathetic ganglia and postganglionic fibers)

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19
Q

muscularis externa

A

-surround submucosa
-smooth muscle fibers and innervated by the myenteric plexus

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20
Q

meyenteric plexus

A

-muscularis externa
-parasympathetic ganglia nad sympathetic posganglion fibers

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21
Q

serosa

A

covers muscularis externa
-outermost layer of the digestive system

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22
Q

peristalsis

A

-muscularis externa propelling thing through digestive tract

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23
Q

segmentation

A

-material is churning and fragmenting as it is being moves through by peristalsis

24
Q

peritoneum

A

-parietal is continuous with the serosa/ visceral peritoneum
-intraperitoneal organs and retroperitoneal organs

25
Q

intraperitoneal organs

A

organs in the peritoneal cavity
organs are surrounded by the visceral peritoneum
-stomach and liver

26
Q

retroperitoneal organs

A

-organs covered by visceral peritoneum on their anterioir surface
-organs lie deep to visceral peritoneum
-kidney, ureter and abdominal aorta

27
Q

mesenteries

A

-fused double sheets of peritoneal membrane
-stabalize organ positions and b.v.
-attach b.v. to small intestine

28
Q

what is not suspended in mesentery sheet

A

duodenum

29
Q

mesentery proper

A

sheet that holds organs

30
Q

mesocolon

A

mesentery attachment to large intestine
-there is sigmoid and transverse

31
Q

fusion fascia

A

ascending, descending colon and rectum attached to it
-it is the posteriori wall of abdominal wall that is fused to mesentery layer (fascia)

32
Q

layer btwn stomach and liver

A

lesser omentum

33
Q

mesentery that goes from the stomach and covers all other organs anterioirly

A

greater omentum

34
Q

oral cavity structures

A

-tongue, uvula, palatoglossal arches, salivary glands and teeth

35
Q

tongue

A

-sensory analysis and secrete enzyme to digest fat and speak

36
Q

tongue areas

A

-body, root (posterioir), dorsum

37
Q

papillae

A

on the dorsum and contain taste buds

38
Q

circumvent papillae

A

at base of tongue

39
Q

lingual lipase

A

that the small glands in the tongue release

40
Q

lingual frenulum

A

attached to the floor of the mouth
-short= ankyloglossia

41
Q

tongue muscle groups

A

-intrinsic (change shape of tongue)
-extrinsic (gross movement)

42
Q

cranial nerve that controls tongue muscles

A

cranial nerve 12

43
Q

3 salivary gland pairs

A

-parotid
-sublingual
-submandibular
-all make amylase for carbs

44
Q

types of teeth

A

-incisors, cuspids, bicuspids and molars

45
Q

crown

A

made of enamel which has dentin and pulp

46
Q

neck

A

area of ginviga

47
Q

root

A

has root canal, artery, vein and nerve

48
Q

pharynx

A

passageway for food, liquid and air

49
Q

swallowing phases

A

buccal phase, pharyngeal phase and esophogeal phase

50
Q

buccal phase

A

tongue pushes food into oropharynx area

51
Q

pharyngeal phase

A

epiglottis closes over the glottis and swallowing begins

52
Q

esophageal phase

A

upper esophageal sphincter opens and bolus moves down esophagus

53
Q

esophageal hiatus

A

where the esophagus passes through the diaphragm

54
Q

esophageal wall histo

A

-mucosa lining, submucosa, smooth muscle (miscularis mucosae), muscularis externa
-NO SEROSA LAYER

55
Q

stomach parts

A

-lesser curvature and greater curvature
-fundus
-body
-pylorus

Anatomy (29 decks)

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