chapter 16 part 1 Flashcards
mesencephalon ON TEST
becomes the midbrain
-process visual and auditory data and reflexes
-maintain consciousness and alertness
rhombencephalon
forms the metencephalon (becomes pons and medulla)
forms the myelencephalon (form medulla oblongotta)
diencephalon
thymus and hypothalamus and epithalamus
cerebrum
telencephalon
-conscious thought process
-regulate skeletal muscle contractions
-memory storage
medulla oblongota
relays information to the thalamus and brain stem
-also relays visceral function
pons
-the bridge
-information to the thalamus and cerebellum
-regulate subconscious somatic and visceral motor centers
cerebellum ON TEST
-coordinate somatic motor function
-balance and coordination
epithalamus
contains pineal gland
-melatonin production
thalamus
-information to the cerebrum
-process sensory information
hypothalamus ON TEST
-emotions, thirst, habits, sexual desire, hunger
-w out it you starve yourself
-tell brain blood is thick and drink water
ventricles
-fluid filled cavities
-filled w CSF
-CSF transports nutrients to the CNS and waste away
-protection
four ventricles
-1 and 2= lateral ventricles
-in the cerebral hemispheres separated by the septum pellucidum
-3 is in the diencephalon
-4 is btwn the pons and the cerebellum and goes down the central canal
lateral ventricles
-1 and 2
-lies in parietal lobe mostly
-each has an anterior horn extending to frontal lobe
-posterioir horn into occipital lobe
-inferioir lobe into temporal lobe
-communication w 3rd through interventricular foramen
3rd ventricle
-talks to 4th through the aqueduct of the midbrain
-btwn the halves of the thalamus
4th ventricle
-talks to central canal of spinal cord
-btwn the pons, medulla and cerebellum
lateral and median apeture
bring CSF to the rest of the brain
dura mater ON TEST
-2 layers
-endosteal (outer) babies anterior fontanel
-meningeal (inner)
-space btwn 2 layers= dural sinus
meningeal layer folds ON TEST
-falx cerebri
-tentorium cerebelli
-falx cerebelli
-diaphragma sellae
falx cerebri
-extends into longitudinal fissure
-attach to cristal galli and internal occipital crest and tentorium cerebelli
tentorium cerebelli
-separate cerebellar hemispheres from cerebral hemispheres
falx cerebelli
-from the tentorium to separate the cerebellar hemispheres
diaphragma sellae
-lines the sella turcia of sphenoid bone
-anchors dura mater to sphenoid bone
-encases pituitary gland
arachnoid mater
-has projections called arachnoid granulations, CSF flows through them to enter into blood circulation
-weblike material under the arachnoid layer (help anchor blood vessels)
pia mater
-attached to the surface of the brain
-follows the sulci and gyri of the brain and helps to anchor larger b.v.
sulci
grooves
gyri
folds
CSF
-protects the brain and spinal cord
-absorbs shock and supports
-nutrients to the CNS
-waste away from CNS
CSF formation
-made by ependymal cells of the choroid plexus
4th ventricle holes
let fluid go to the brain
arachnoid granulations
where CSF is reabsorbed
blood brain barrier
-lining of the blood vessels has endothelial cells that are interconnected by tight junctions
-made by the feet of the glial cells (astrocytes) wrapping around capillaries
-a tight connection so not all materials can pass through
-lipid soluble substances cross easier
medulla oblongota
-becomes the spinal cord
-all communication btwn brain and cord passes through medulla oblongota
-there are nuclei in it
nuclei in the medulla oblongota
-relay sensation for sensory or motor pathways
-associated with cranial nerves connected to it
-associated w autonomic control of visceral organs (breathing heart beats…)
relay stations
-nucleus gracilis and cuneatus (pass sensory info to the thalamus)
-olivary nuclei (pass info to the cerebrum and diencephalon)
nuclei of cranial nerves
has sensory and motor nucleu of cranial nerves
autonomic nuclei major centers
-cardiovascular centers (cardiac and vasomotor)
-respiratory centers (rhythmic breathing)
pons
