chapter 16 part 1

Question 1

mesencephalon ON TEST

Answer 1

becomes the midbrain
-process visual and auditory data and reflexes
-maintain consciousness and alertness

Question 2

rhombencephalon

Answer 2

forms the metencephalon (becomes pons and medulla)
forms the myelencephalon (form medulla oblongotta)

Question 3

diencephalon

Answer 3

thymus and hypothalamus and epithalamus

Question 4

cerebrum

Answer 4

telencephalon
-conscious thought process
-regulate skeletal muscle contractions
-memory storage

Question 5

medulla oblongota

Answer 5

relays information to the thalamus and brain stem
-also relays visceral function

Question 6

pons

Answer 6

-the bridge
-information to the thalamus and cerebellum
-regulate subconscious somatic and visceral motor centers

Question 7

cerebellum ON TEST

Answer 7

-coordinate somatic motor function
-balance and coordination

Question 8

epithalamus

Answer 8

contains pineal gland
-melatonin production

Question 9

thalamus

Answer 9

-information to the cerebrum
-process sensory information

Question 10

hypothalamus ON TEST

Answer 10

-emotions, thirst, habits, sexual desire, hunger
-w out it you starve yourself
-tell brain blood is thick and drink water

Question 11

ventricles

Answer 11

-fluid filled cavities
-filled w CSF
-CSF transports nutrients to the CNS and waste away
-protection

Question 12

four ventricles

Answer 12

-1 and 2= lateral ventricles
-in the cerebral hemispheres separated by the septum pellucidum
-3 is in the diencephalon
-4 is btwn the pons and the cerebellum and goes down the central canal

Question 13

lateral ventricles

Answer 13

-1 and 2
-lies in parietal lobe mostly
-each has an anterior horn extending to frontal lobe
-posterioir horn into occipital lobe
-inferioir lobe into temporal lobe
-communication w 3rd through interventricular foramen

Question 14

3rd ventricle

Answer 14

-talks to 4th through the aqueduct of the midbrain
-btwn the halves of the thalamus

Question 15

4th ventricle

Answer 15

-talks to central canal of spinal cord
-btwn the pons, medulla and cerebellum

Question 16

lateral and median apeture

Answer 16

bring CSF to the rest of the brain

Question 17

dura mater ON TEST

Answer 17

-2 layers
-endosteal (outer) babies anterior fontanel
-meningeal (inner)
-space btwn 2 layers= dural sinus

Question 18

meningeal layer folds ON TEST

Answer 18

-falx cerebri
-tentorium cerebelli
-falx cerebelli
-diaphragma sellae

Question 19

falx cerebri

Answer 19

-extends into longitudinal fissure
-attach to cristal galli and internal occipital crest and tentorium cerebelli

Question 20

tentorium cerebelli

Answer 20

-separate cerebellar hemispheres from cerebral hemispheres

Question 21

falx cerebelli

Answer 21

-from the tentorium to separate the cerebellar hemispheres

Question 22

diaphragma sellae

Answer 22

-lines the sella turcia of sphenoid bone
-anchors dura mater to sphenoid bone
-encases pituitary gland

Question 23

arachnoid mater

Answer 23

-has projections called arachnoid granulations, CSF flows through them to enter into blood circulation
-weblike material under the arachnoid layer (help anchor blood vessels)

Question 24

pia mater

Answer 24

-attached to the surface of the brain
-follows the sulci and gyri of the brain and helps to anchor larger b.v.

Question 25

sulci

Answer 25

grooves

Question 26

gyri

Answer 26

folds

Question 27

CSF

Answer 27

-protects the brain and spinal cord
-absorbs shock and supports
-nutrients to the CNS
-waste away from CNS

Question 28

CSF formation

Answer 28

-made by ependymal cells of the choroid plexus

Question 29

4th ventricle holes

Answer 29

let fluid go to the brain

Question 30

arachnoid granulations

Answer 30

where CSF is reabsorbed

Question 31

blood brain barrier

Answer 31

-lining of the blood vessels has endothelial cells that are interconnected by tight junctions
-made by the feet of the glial cells (astrocytes) wrapping around capillaries
-a tight connection so not all materials can pass through
-lipid soluble substances cross easier

Question 32

medulla oblongota

Answer 32

-becomes the spinal cord
-all communication btwn brain and cord passes through medulla oblongota
-there are nuclei in it

Question 33

nuclei in the medulla oblongota

Answer 33

-relay sensation for sensory or motor pathways
-associated with cranial nerves connected to it
-associated w autonomic control of visceral organs (breathing heart beats…)

Question 34

relay stations

Answer 34

-nucleus gracilis and cuneatus (pass sensory info to the thalamus)
-olivary nuclei (pass info to the cerebrum and diencephalon)

Question 35

nuclei of cranial nerves

Answer 35

has sensory and motor nucleu of cranial nerves

Question 36

autonomic nuclei major centers

Answer 36

-cardiovascular centers (cardiac and vasomotor)
-respiratory centers (rhythmic breathing)

Question 37

pons