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Anatomy > chapter 16 part 2 > Flashcards

chapter 16 part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

pons

A

superior to the medulla and has sensory and motor nuclei for cranial nerves 5, 6, 7 and 8
-all abt respiratory rate

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2
Q

apneustic center

A

increase breathing rate

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3
Q

pneumotaxic center

A

lowers breathing rate

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4
Q

mesencephalon

A

-midbrain
-have 2 pairs of nuclei calls corpora quadrigemina
-also has nuclei of the reticular formation that keep you awake
-red nucleus
-substantia nigra
-cerebral peduncles

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5
Q

corpus quadrigemina

A

process auditory and visual stimuli
-inferioir colliculus = auditory (start baby reflexes)
-superior colliculus= visual

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6
Q

reticular formation

A

keeps you awake

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7
Q

red nucleus

A

-part of mesencephalon
-intefreates information btwn the cerebrum and cerebellum

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8
Q

substantia nigra

A

-regulates motor output of the basal nuclei
-degenerated= parkinsons

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9
Q

cerebral peduncles

A

-little feet
-have ascending fibers that synapse int he thalamus and descending fibers of the cortiospinal pathway

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10
Q

epithalamus

A

-roof of the third ventricle
-has the pineal gland
-makes melatonin and regulates day and night cycle

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11
Q

thalamus

A

-forms wall of third ventricle
-there is a right and left
-thalamic nuclei are egg shaped

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12
Q

hypothalamus

A

-connected to pituitary by the stalk ON TEST
-forms the floor of the third ventricle
-mane of nuclei
-stalk= infundibulum
-has a mamillary body on the posterior wall

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13
Q

hypothalamus cell bodies/ nuclei

A

-subconscious control of skeletal muscle
-heart rate, bp, respiration, digestion, secrete antidiuretic and oxytocin
-voluntary function
-normal body temp and circadian rythm

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14
Q

what is responsible for sleep and wake? ON TEST

A

hypothalamus and pineal gland

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15
Q

ADH

A

decrease urination

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16
Q

oxytocin

A

causes more urination and releases milk

17
Q

Cerebellum

A

-2 hemispheres, (folds) folia, vermis to separate hemispheres, arbor vitae, cerebella peduncles

18
Q

Vermis

A

Separates cerebellum hemispheres

19
Q

Cerebella cortex

A

Subconscious movement

20
Q

Arbor vital

A

Connect cerebella cortex with peduncles

21
Q

Cerebella peduncles

A

Superior: connect cerebellum with mesencephalon and dliencephalon and cerebruim, middle: communication of cerebellum and pons, inferior: connect cerebellum and medulla oblongota

22
Q

Cerebrum

A

2 hemispheres several lobes (parietal, frontal, etc.), gyro and sulk, longitudinal fissure, corpus callouss, limbic system

23
Q

Cerebral hemispheres

A

-gyri and sulci
-central sulcus
- longitudinal fissure
- cerebral lobes

24
Q

Cerebral lobes

A

Frontal, occipital, parietal, temporal

25
Q

Parietal

A

Sensations, pain, vibrations

26
Q

Frontal

A

Control of skeletal muscle

27
Q

Precentral gyris ON TEST

A

-Anterior to central sulcus
- voluntary movement bc control somatic motor neurons in brain stem and cord

28
Q

Post central gyrus

A

-posterior to central sulcus
- neurons get somatic sensory information for touch, pain, tastes, temp from dorsal columns and spinothalamic tracts

29
Q

Left hemisphere

A

Speech, writing, language, math

30
Q

Right hemisphere

A

Touch, spatial visualization and facial recognition

31
Q

Central white matter bundles

A
  • Association fibers
  • commissural fibers
  • projection fibers
32
Q

Association fibers

A

Tracts that connect areas within a hemisphere (longitudinal fissure)

33
Q

Commissural fibers

A

Connect 2 hemispheres (corpus callosum)

34
Q

Projection fibers

A

Link cerebrum and lower parts of brain/cord

35
Q

Basal nuclei

A

-caudate nucleus, put amen and globes pallidus (swinging arms while walking) and control legs while walking
-claustral: subconscious processing of visual info
-amygdaloid body; limbic system

36
Q

Limbic system

A

Between the cerebrum and the diencephalon superior to the corpus callosum
-emotional states
-link conscious with unconscious
-memory storage and retrieval

37
Q

Limbic system components

A

-cingulate gyri
-debate gyrus
-parahippocampal gyrus
- hippocampus

38
Q

Limbic fornix

A

-tract of white matter connecting hippocampus with the hypothalamus
-extend to mammillary bodies
-mammillary bodies control reflex movement for eating

39
Q

Cranial nerves

A

-12 pairs
-on ventrolateral surface of the brain
-numbers being at the anterior aspect of the brain 1 to 12

Anatomy (29 decks)

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