Chapter 8: The Digestive System Diagnostic Procedures Flashcards
Alanine transaminase & aspartate transaminase
enzymes in blood→ elevated levels- liver disease
Serum Bilirubin
Blood test to determine the amount of waste product bilirubin in the bloodstream. Elevated levels indicate liver disease.
Ova and parasites-
lab exam of feces w/ a microscope for parasites & egg
Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)
hemoccult-stool guaiac- lab test on feces to check for small amounts of blood
Barium enema
barium (radiopaque dye) injected by enema to get a X-ray of colon & rectum; lower gastrointestinal series
Stool culture:
Lab test on feces to check for pathogenic bacteria
Cholecystogram
X-ray image of the gallbladder
Intravenous cholecystography:
Dye inserted intravenously into the patient for a X-ray of the gallbladder and bile ducts
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
Contrast medium is injected directly into the liver to see the bile ducts. Used to detect obstructions such as gallstones in the CBD.
Bite-wing X-ray:
X-ray taken with a part of the film holder held between and parallel to the teeth
Barium Swallow:
oral barium contrast medium given to the patient and X-ray is taken for the esophagus, stomach and duodenum- UGI
Colonoscopy
flexible fiberscope- examines anus, rectum, & colon ( check upper portion of the colon); polyps & small growths can be removed during this procedure
Colonoscope
instrument to view the colon
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
procedure using an endoscope- examine hepatic duct, common bile duct, & pancreatic duct
Endoscope: Mouth-esophagus- stomach- duodenum
Thin Catheter: passed backwards into the ducts → visualize these duct on an X-ray using a contrast dye
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy:
fiberoptic endoscope- esophagus, stomach, and beginning of duodenum
Gastroscopy and what does it look for
flexible gastroscope- passes through the mouth,esophagus & into the stomach; peptic ulcers and gastric carcinoma
Gastroscope
: instrument used to view inside the stomach
Laparoscopy
Laparoscope- small incision through abdominal wall; checks for tumors and other conditions with a lighted instrument
Peritoneoscopy
Laparoscope
instrument used to view inside the stomach
Sigmoidoscopy
flexible sigmoidoscope to examine sigmoid colon; diagnose cancer and polyps
Sigmoidoscope
instrument used to view inside the sigmoid colon
Paracentesis
inserting a needle into the abdominal cavity to withdraw fluid. Tests are done to diagnose diseases conducted on the fluid.
