Chapter 13: Anatomy of the Eye Flashcards
Ophthalmology
study of the eye
Define eyeball
organ of sight
What 3 layers is the eyeball composed of?
sclera, choroid, and the retina
What is the Sclera and its function?
Outer layer; provides a tougth protective coating for the inner structures of the eye
White of the eye
What is the Cornea’s relationship to the Sclera?
Anterior porion of the sclera
What is the Cornea and its function?
Clear, a transparent area that allows light to enter the interior of the eyeball
Refracts (bends) light rays
What is the Choroid?
2nd or middle layer of the eyeball- opaque
What is the function of the Choroid?
Provides blood supply for the eye
What does the Choroid contain?
Iris, pupil, ciliary body
What is the Iris?
colored portion of the eye and contains smooth muscle
What is the function of the Iris?
Contracts or relaxes to change the size of the pupil- controlling how much light enters the interior of the eyeball
What is the pupil/function?
opening in the center of the iris that allows light rays to enter the eyeball
What is the Ciliary body’s function?
Attached to the lens( not part of the Choroid layer; Pulling on the edge of the lens- muscles change the shape of the lens so it can focus incoming light into the retina
What is the suspensory ligament and its function?
from the ciliary body and is attached to the lens; (pulls on the lens)
What is the retina
Third and innermost layer of the eyeball
What does the Retina contain?
Sensory receptor cells (rods and cones), Macula Lutea (Fovea Centralis), Optic disk, Aqueous Humor and Vitreous Humor
What are Rods/ their function?
active in dim light and help us to see in gray tones
What are Cones/ their function?
active only in bright light and are responsible for color vision
What is the Macula Lutea (function)?
when looking at an object, this where the image falls
Yellow spot
What is the Fovea Centralis (including function)?
center of the Macula Lutea; a depression; central pit
High concentration of sensory receptor cells, the point of clearest vision
What is the Optic disk (including function)?
the point where retinal blood vessels enter and exit the eyeball and where the optic nerve leaves the eyeball
No sensory receptors- a blind spot in each eye’s field of vision
What is the Aqueous humor?
a watery fluid between the cornea and the lens