Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Med Term > Chapter 5: Heart Pathology > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Heart Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

angitis

A

inflammation of a vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Endocarditis

A

inflammation of the lining membranes of the heart. Due to bacteria or an abnormal immunological response. Vegetation= the mass of bacteria present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Myocarditis

A

inflammation of the muscle layer of the heart wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pericarditis

A

inflammation of the pericardial sac around the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Valvulitis

A

inflammation of the heart valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Phlebitis

A

inflammation of the vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Polyarteritis

A

inflammation of many arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Thrombophlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein resulting in the formation of blood clots within the vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Angiospasm

A

Involuntary muscle contraction of the smooth muscle in the wall of a vessel; narrows the vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Angiostenosis

A

The narrowing of a vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bradycardia

A

Condition of a slow heart rate; less than 60 beats per minute; athletic people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tachycardia

A

fast heart rate; more than 100 beats/minute while at rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Embolus and how does it affect the coronary artery

A

blockage of a blood vessel by a blood clot that has broken off from a thrombus and traveled. In a coronary artery= myocardial infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thrombus

A

a blood clot within a blood vessel; partially or completely blocks the vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Infarct

A

An area of tissue within an organ or part that undergoes necrosis (death) following the loss of its blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ishchemia

A

Lack of oxygen because of an obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ishchemia

A

Lack of oxygen because of an obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Murmur

A

An extra sound that might indicate abnormality (not the sound of blood flowing through the heart)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Orthostatic Hypotension:

A

Sudden drop in blood pressure when someone stands up suddenly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Palpitation

A

Pounding, racing heartbeats

21
Q

Plaque/atheroma

A

Yellow, fatty deposit of lipids in an artery=atherosclerosis. -atheroma:
Plaque that narrows the lumen of the artery

22
Q

Regurgitation

A

To flow backward; backflow of blood through a valve

23
Q

Angina Pectoris

A

Condition in which there is severe pain with a sensation of constriction around the heart. Caused by a deficiency of oxygen to the heart muscle

24
Q

Arrhythmia

A

Irregular heartbeat or action (life-threatening or not)

25
Q

Fibrillation. What happens in the ventricles and what do you use as equipment?

A

Serious arrhythmia by an abnormal quivering or contraction of heart fibers.,
In the ventricles= cardiac arrest and death
Defilibrator= emergency equipment

26
Q

Flutter

A

an arrhythmia in which the atria beat too rapidly, but in a regular pattern

27
Q

Blue Bundle Branch Block BBB and what is it also known as?

A

Electrical impulse is blocked when travelling down the bundle of His or bundle branches. =Ventricles beat at different times then the atria
Heart block

28
Q

What is a cardiac arrest?

A

Complete stop of heart activity

29
Q

Cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of heart

30
Q

Cardiomyopathy, what is it caused by and what treatment does it need?

A

Disease of the myocardium
Caused by alcohol abuse, parasites, viral infection, and congestive heart failure= require a heart transplant

31
Q

Congenital Septal Defect (CSD) and what are the two types?

A

Hole in the septum between the two heart chambers= mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Atrial septal defect (ASD) & Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)

32
Q

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) and what are the symptoms?

A

Reduced outflow of blood from the left side of the heart due to weak myocardium fo the left ventircle= cannot efficiently pump blood
Weakness, breathlessness, and edema

33
Q

Coronary Artery Disease, what is it caused by and what does it cause?

A

Insufficient blood supply to the heart
Caused by atherosclerosis and may cause angina pectoris and myocardial infarction

34
Q

Heart Valve prolapse and what valve is it usually in?

A

Condition in which the valves are too loose and unable to shut tightly resulting in backflow of the blood during contraction.
Usually in the mitral valve

35
Q

Heart valve stenosis

A

Cusps and valves are stiff so they are unable to open fully= difficulty in blood flow or shut tightly, blood flow is backward
Affects any of the valves

36
Q

Myocardial Infarction, symptoms and what is it known as and what can it lead to?

A

Condition caused by the partial or complete obstruction or closing of the coronary arteries
Squeezing pain or heavy pressure in the middle of the chest (angina pectoris)
Heart attack = death

37
Q

Aneurysm and where does it affect?

A

Weakness in the wall of the artery= localized widening
Aorta in the abdomen and cerebral arteries in the brain

38
Q

Arteriorrhexis

A

Ruptured artery; aneurysm

39
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

Thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries.
Atherosclerosis

40
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

Caused by the formation of yellowish plaques of cholesterol in the walls of the arteries

41
Q

Coarctation of the Aorta

A

Severe congenital narrowing of the aorta

42
Q

Hemorrhoid

A

Varicose veins in the anal region

43
Q

Varicose Veins

A

Swollen and twisted veins usually in the legs

44
Q

Hypertension and what are the two types and describe them>

A

Blood pressure above the normal range
Essential or primary hypertension: directly from cvd
Secondary hypertension: high blood pressure from another disease

45
Q

Hypotension and when does it occur?

A

Decrease in bp.
Occur in shock, infection, cancer, anemia or as death approaches

46
Q

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) and what are the treatments

A

Pulmonary artery and aorta connection fails to close at birth
Medication and sometimes surgery

47
Q

Peripheral Vascular Disease and what are the symptoms

A

Abnormal condition affecting blood vessels outside the heart
Symptoms: pain, pallor numbness, and loss of circulation and pulses

48
Q

Raynaud’s Phenomenon:

A

Arterial constriction caused by extreme cold or emotional stress that results in periodic ischemic attacks affecting the extremities of the body (fingers, toes, ears and nose), they become cyanotic and very painful

49
Q

Tetralogy of Falot

A

Combination of four congenital anomalies: pulmonary stenosis, an interventricular septal defect, improper placement of the aorta, and hypertrophy of theh right ventricle.
Need immediate surgery

Med Term (60 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions