Chapter 5 Therapeutic Procedures of the Heart

Question 1

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Answer 1

Chest compressions and artificial respiration (blow air into the lungs) performed by one or tow CPR-trained rescuers

Question 2

Defilibration, where are they found, what they do and what are they also called

Answer 2

Procedure that converts serious irregular heartbeats (fibrillation) by giving electric shocks to the heart. AEDs (Automated external deliberators) can detect life-threatening arrhythmias and deliver an appropriate electric shock. Designs to be used by nonmedical personnel and are found in public places
Also called cardioversion

Question 3

Extracorporeal circulation

Answer 3

During open-heart surgery, the routing of blood to a heart-lung machine so it can be oxygenated and pumped to the rest of the body

Question 4

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator:

Answer 4

Device in the heart that gives an electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm. People with ventricular fibrillation

Question 5

Pacemaker Implantation and what are the two types

Answer 5

Substitutes the pacemaker of the heart and controls the beating of the heart by a series of rhythmic electrical impulses
External pacemaker: electrodes outside of the body
Internal pacemaker: electrode surgically implanted within the chest wall

Question 6

Thrombolytic Therapy:

Answer 6

Drugs such as streptokinase or tissue-type plasminogen activator are injected into a blood vessel to dissolve clots and restore blood flow

Question 7

Aneurysmectomy

Answer 7

surgical removal of the sac of an aneurysm

Question 8

Arterial anastomosis

Answer 8

surgical joining together of two arteries. Performed if an artery is severed or if a damaged section of an artery is removed

Question 9

Atherectomy

Answer 9

surgical removal of a fatty substance or an atheroma from an artery

Question 10

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

Answer 10

Open heart surgery in which a blood vessel from another location in the body (often a leg vein) is grafted to route blood around a blocked coronary artery

Question 11

Embolectomy

Answer 11

Removal of an embolus or clot from a blood vessel

Question 12

Endarterectomy

Answer 12

Removal of the diseased or damaged inner lining of an artery
Artheroscleoritc plaques

Question 13

Heart Transplantation

Answer 13

Replacement of a diseased or malfunctioning heart with a donor’s heart

Question 14

Intracornonary artery stent:

Answer 14

Placement of a stent within a coronary artery to treat coronary ischemia due to atherosclerosis

Question 15

Litigation and stripping

Answer 15

Surgical treatment for varicose veins. The damaged vein is tied of and removed

Question 16

Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA)

Answer 16

Method for treating localized coronary artery narrowing. A balloon catheter is inserted through the skin into the coronary artery and inflated to dilate the narrow blood vessel

Question 17

Stent

Answer 17

Stainless steel tube placed within a blood vessel or a duct to widen the lumen

Question 18

Valve replacement

Answer 18

Removal of a diseased heart valve and replacement with an artificial valve

Question 19

Valvoplasty

Answer 19

surgical procedure to repair a heart valve