Chapter 7 The Age of the renaissance 1400

Question 1

1400 what was going on and new concepts

Answer 1

New rules for polyphony based on strict control of dissonance, greater use of 3rd and 6ths required new tuning systems. Music printing 16th century, end of great schism in the church 1417 return to single pope, end of 100 years war 1453 english and french europe is a world power

Question 2

Imitative counterpoint

Answer 2

is a composition technique that states an idea and then repeats it within other voices possibly in other keys. Imitative counterpoint consists of at least 2 voices but may use far more. Usually the restatement occurs at even intervals only at a different pitch level. voice imitates or echoes a motive or phrase in another voice. Usually at a different pitch level such as a 5th, 4th or octave away

Question 3

Homophony

Answer 3

In music, homophony is a texture in which a primary part is supported by one or more additional strands that flesh out the harmony. One melody predominates while the other parts play either single notes or an elaborate accompaniment. all the voice move together in essentially the same rhythm

Question 4

Humanism

Answer 4

study of humanities, revive ancient learning see and understand the world as it really is
Expanded range of songs, lower and higher registers, thick and full textures , music more structure, frequent cadences
Music institution- more training, traveling and employment

Question 5

Court chapels

Answer 5

groups of salaried musicians and cleric that were associated with a rule and not a particular building. 14-15th century King Louis IX of france & King Edward I of England
Choir boys, schools taught grammar theory, mathematics composition no women only in covenants started in northern france, netherlands and flanders. Not only performers-other duties included servants, adminitators, clerics or church officials. Music was a display of wealth and power pg 157

Question 6

Orlando di Lasso

Answer 6

1532-1594 wrote Italian madrigals, german lieder and french chansons
NEW COUNTERPOINT 15th century. Preference for consonance, including 3r and 6ths as well as perfect 5th and octaves and strict control of dissonance (passing tones, neighboring, unstressed beats) - high value in beauty

Question 7

Liber de arte contrapuncti

Answer 7

by Johannes Tinctoris 1435-1511 counterpoint treaties distinction between new and older practices rules were future refine in Gioseffo Zarlino in Le istitutioni harmoniche
2nd half of 15th century greater equality between voices.- noted by theorist Pietro Aaron.

Question 8

Pythagorean intonation

Answer 8

middle ages tuning all 4th and 5ths were perfectly tuned

Question 9

Just intonation

Answer 9

1482 Baerolome Ramis de Pareia- tuning system that produces perfectly tuned 3rds and 6ths

Question 10

Temperaments

Answer 10

comprising tuning system in which pitches were adjusted to make most or all intervals usable without adding jets. Keyboard players 16 century used mean-tone temperament in which 5ths were tuned small so that the major thirds could songs well and black keys making most of the notes in use. Best known today is equal temperament in which each semitone is exactly the same. All pure radius

Question 11

Franchino Gaffurio

Answer 11

1451-1522 treatises were the most influential reviving greek ideas, modes , consonances, and dissonance

Question 12

Heinrich Glareanus

Answer 12

1488-1563 Dodekachordon added 4 new modes using name of ancient greek tonoi Aeolian, Hyoaeopline, Ionion and hypoionian
Music should be apart of everyones education
Follow the rhythm of speech and the natural accentuations of syllables
Diatonic gregorian chant- sixteenth century .. chromaticism 16th century
MUSIC Printing- lasted longer more copies johann gutenberg 1450