Chapter 23 revolution and change -19th century

Question 1

Revolution for music

Answer 1

= large choral works for gov sponsored festivals. Gov. supported opera and opera comique. Plots touched on themes of revolution- rescue of a hero. Paris conservatory 1795- founded by the government.

Question 2

Ludwig Van Beethoven

Answer 2

• 1770-1827. Enlightenment, haydn and mozart, french revolution, last years under political repression. Deaf- had to stop performing. Made almost all of his money from composing. 3 periods to mozart 1770-1802 beginning tradition learning 1802-1814 new level of dram and expression 1815–1827 introspective and difficult for people to comprehend 1802- deafness gets worse, 1815 isolation, family troubles and political issues. Started in Bonn moved to vienna at 1792. Studied with Haydn and Albrechtsberger - composition treatise. Early age- sonatas, variations and shorter works for piano. For amateurs but were challenging. Ex Sonate pathetique 1799 op 13. - name helped sell it. C minor stormy 2nd and 3rd movement in Aflat major= inter movement connections in his works. First 6 quartets 1800 ode to haydn and mozart but his personality unexpected turns, unconventional modulations. Juxtapositions of opposing emotions and styles became characteristic of beethoven. ONly composed 9 symphonies. Financially stable so he didn’t need to constantly publish/ compose music. Music conveys his own emotions and struggles in life . Last two big works were Missa solemnis and the 9th symphony(1824) ending has two double fugues. Variation technique- harmonic plan, rhythmic quirk. Very subtle variations. Spied on by the gov.

Question 3

Symphony 3 in e flat major

Answer 3

1803-4 Sinfonia Eroica celebration of a hero, heroic greatness , fanfare, but then sinks down- shows struggle end with sustained high note = renewed strength.
2nd movement 32nd notes upbeats- drum / revolution 3rd movement b scherzo

Question 4

Fidelio

Answer 4

libretto from leonore , ou l’amour conjugal french revolution opera. 3 acts 1805 3rd version 1814 most successful. Only opera. Wrote lieder

Question 5

Chamber music/ concertos Beethoven

Answer 5

Chamber music/ concertos Beethoven two violin sonatas op 47 & 96, piano trio 97 tested the skills of amateur players. Emperor concerto piano concerto 5 in eflat major soloist - orchestra plays “hero” frequent feature in 19th century concertos.

Question 6

Symphony 5

Answer 6

1807 struggle for victory by passing from c minor to major. The best known 4 not figure- V in more code. Rhythmic motives comes back in all 3 movements.

Question 7

Pastoral Symphony no 6

Answer 7

in f major 5 movements 1808 scene form life in the country.

Question 8

An die ferne Geliebte

Answer 8

beethoven, First SONG CYCLE- a group of songs performed in succession that tell or suggest a story

Question 9

String Quartet in C# minor

Answer 9

131 simultaneously invokes and departs from tradition PG 590.

Question 10

9th symphony

Answer 10

1824. Only one with choral ending. ODE to JOY