Chapter 3 ROMAN LITURGY AND CHANT 9th and 10th century

Question 1

Mass, Proper, and ordinary

Answer 1

Mass most important service in the roman church, commemoration of the last supper
Proper parts change day to day Ordinary never changes but melodies may vary

Question 2

Ordinary list

Answer 2

2 kyrie
3 gloria
11 credo
13 prayers
16 sanctus
17 canon
18 pater noster
19 agnus dei
22 ite, missa est

Question 3

Office

Answer 3

prayers and psalms sung at regular times throughout the day- 8 services

Question 4

Antiphon

Answer 4

chant song sung before and after the psalm

Question 5

Responsories

Answer 5

responses sung after lessons

Question 6

Canticles

Answer 6

poetic passages from parts of the bible

Question 7

responsorial

Answer 7

soloist alternate with the choi

Question 8

antiphonal

Answer 8

two halves of the group alternate direct without alteration

Question 9

neumatic

Answer 9

syllables have one to six notes

Question 10

melismas

Answer 10

long melodic passages on one syllable

Question 11

Recitation formulas

Answer 11

simple melodic outlines that can have different texts, sung so words are understood better.

Question 12

Psalm tones

Answer 12

formulas for singing the office , designed to be adapted to fit any psalm

Question 13

Intonation

Answer 13

a rising motive used only for the first verse

Question 14

Mediant

Answer 14

a cadence for the middle of each verse

Question 15

Termination

Answer 15

final cadence for each verse

Question 16

Tract

Answer 16

are longest chants with several psalm verses set in very florid style. SOLO performance
NEW CHANTS

Question 17

Trope

Answer 17

expanded existing chant by adding new words, melody or new tests to existing melisams 10th and 11th centuries BANNED by the counsel of Trent 1545-63

Question 18

Liturgical Dramas and example

Answer 18

dialogue and elaborate latin plays ex quem querities in sepulchro

Question 19

Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179)

Answer 19

Covenants only place women could hold positions of leadership and participate fully in singing and composing
Hildegard von Bingen (1098-1179) prioress and abbess writer composer, praise virgin mary, trinity or local saints - sequences were unusual in that paired lines often differ in syllable count and accent, unique melodies exceed octave range Ordo virtutum 1151 sacred music drama in verse with 82 songs
Chant formed foundation for most polyphonic