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Rad Positioning I > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

How are toes numbered?

A

Large toe is #1
Pinky toe is #5

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2
Q

How many bones are in each toe?

A

Large toe - 2
Rest of the toes - 3

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3
Q

How many phalanges in each foot?

A

14

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4
Q

How many metatarsal bones are in the foot?

A

5

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5
Q

What is at the base of the 5th metatarsal?

A

Tuberosity - often times there are fractures

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6
Q

How many tarsals of the foot?

A

7

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7
Q

What is the heel of the foot called?

A

Calcaneous or Os Calsis

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8
Q

What does the calcaneus articulate with?

A

Anteriorly - Cuboid
Superiorly - Talus

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9
Q

What is the largest tarsal bone?

A

Calcaneus

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10
Q

What is the 2nd largest tarsal bone?

A

Talus

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11
Q

Where is the Talus located?

A

Between the lower leg and the calcaneus

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12
Q

Where is the Navicular located?

A

Medial side of the foot, between the talus and the 3 cuneiforms

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13
Q

How many Cuneiforms are in the foot?

A

3 - medial, intermediate, and lateral

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14
Q

Where is the Cuboid located?

A

Lateral aspect of the foot

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15
Q

What does the Talus articulate with?

A

Superiorly - Tibia & Fibula
Inferiorly - Calcaneus
Anteriorly - Navicular

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16
Q

What does the Navicular articulate with?

A

Posteriorly - Talus
Laterally - Cuboid
Anteriorly - 3 Cuneiforms

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17
Q

What does the Medial Cuneiform articulate with?

A

Proximal - Navicular
Distal - 1st and 2nd metatarsals
Lateral - intermediate cuneiform

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18
Q

What does the Intermediate Cuneiform articuate with?

A

Proximal - Navicular
Distal - second metatarsal
Lateral/Medial cuneiforms

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19
Q

What does the Lateral Cuneiform articulate with?

A

Proximal - Navicular
Distal - 2nd, 3rd, 4th metatarsals
Medial - intermediate cuneiform
Lateral - cuboid

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20
Q

What does the Cuboid articulate with?

A

Proximal - Calcaneus
Lateral cuneiform
Medial - navicular
Distal - 4th and 5th metatarsals

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21
Q

What forms the ankle joint?

A

Tibia
Fibula
Talus

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22
Q

What is the medial malleous?

A

Elongated process of the tibia which extends down alongside the medial talus

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23
Q

What is the lateral malleous?

A

Distal end of the fibula

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24
Q

What is the Mortise?

A

3 sided opening of the anke joint

25
Q

What 3 parts makes up the Tibia?

A

Proximal extremity, distal extremity and central body

26
Q

What is included in the proximal extremity of the Tibia?

A

Medial and lateral condyles
Intercondyloid Eminence
Articular facets (tibial plateau)
Tibial Tuberosity

27
Q

What is the Intercondyloid Eminence?

A

Superior surface of the tibial head made into 2 parts - medial and lateral intercondylar tubercles

28
Q

What is the Tibial Plateau?

A

2 facets that articulate with the femur. The plateau slopes about 10-20 degrees

29
Q

Where is the Tibial Tuberosity located?

A

Anterior portion of the proximal extremity, but distal to the condyles

30
Q

What is the ridge of the Tibia body?

A

Called the crest and is referred to as the shin

31
Q

What makes up the distal extremity of the Tibia?

A

Medial Malleolus
Fibular notch

32
Q

What is the fibular notch?

A

On the distal end of the Tibia, where the distal end of the fibula fits

33
Q

How is the Fibula located to the Tibia?

A

Lateral and posterior

34
Q

What makes up the proximal portion of the fibula?

A

Apex, head and neck

35
Q

What is the longest bone in the body?

A

Femur

36
Q

What is the largest Sesamoid bone in the body?

A

Patella

37
Q

Where is the patella located?

A

Above the knee joint

38
Q

What is the intercondylar fossa?

A

Notch very deep on the posterior aspect of the femur, between the condyles

39
Q

Which condyle of the femur extends more distally?

A

Medial condyle

40
Q

is the angle of the femur greated on a woman or man? Why?

A

Woman - broadness of hips and they are usually shorter

41
Q

What is the adducter tubercle?

A

Raised area that receives a tendon on the medial side of the femur above the condyle

42
Q

What are the medial and lateral epicondyles of the femur?

A

Rough prominences on the outermost tips of the medial and lateral condyles

43
Q

What does the condyles of the femur articulate with?

A

Tibia

44
Q

What is the patellar surface?

A

Surface of the femur located directly posterior to the patella - it’s also known as the trochlear groove/intercondylar surface

45
Q

What is the knee joint proper?

A

Femorotibial joint
Patellofemoral joint

46
Q

What lower limb joints are synovial?

A

All except distal tibiofibular - which is fibrous joint

47
Q

What lower limb joints are ginglymus?

A

Interphalangeal joints

48
Q

What lower limb joints are Ellipsoidal?

A

Metatarsalphalangeal joints

49
Q

What lower limb joints are plane/gliding?

A

Tarsometatarsal
Intertarsal
Proximal Tibiofibular joint

50
Q

What lower limb joints are saddle?

A

Ankle
Patellofemoral

51
Q

What lower limb joints are bicondylar?

A

Femorotibial

52
Q

kVp for lower limb?

A

60-80

53
Q

What is plantar surface?

A

Bottom of the foot (posterior)

54
Q

What is dorsum surface?

A

Top of the foot (anterior)

55
Q

What is dorsiflexion?

A

Bring toes back towards the head

56
Q

What is plantarflexion?

A

Points towards downward

57
Q

What is inversion?

A

Rolled the ankle inward (varus)

58
Q

What is eversion?

A

Rolled the ankle outward (valgus)

59
Q

If the adductor tubercle can be seen on a lateral knee xray - is the knee over or under rotated?

A

Under rotated

Rad Positioning I (39 decks)

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