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Rad Positioning > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Main function of the bony thorax

A

Expand and contract during respiration and to protect the organs of the respiratory system and those within the mediastinum

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2
Q

3 parts of the sternum

A

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process

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3
Q

What is the sternum composed of

A

Thin, narrow, flat, compact bone

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4
Q

The bone in the middle of the sternum is _____ and is often a site for _________ to be extracted

A

Spongy
Red bone marrow

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5
Q

How long is the manubrium

A

2 inches

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6
Q

How long is the body of the sternum

A

4 inches

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7
Q

How many segments are there of the sternum body? And when do they fuse together?

A

4 segments
Age 25

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8
Q

What is the xiphoid process composed of?

A

Cartilage until age 40 when it becomes totally ossified

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9
Q

What level is the jugular notch

A

T2-T3

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10
Q

What level is the sternal angle

A

T4-T5

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11
Q

What level is the xiphoid tip?

A

T9-T10

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12
Q

The only bony connection between each shoulder girdle and the bony thorax are the:

A

Sternoclavicular joints

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13
Q

What forms the sternoclavicular joint?

A

The clavicles meet the manubrium laterally to the jugular notch

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14
Q

What ribs connect directly to the sternum

A

The first 7

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15
Q

What is costocartilage?

A

A short piece of cartilage that articulates with the facets of the sternum

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16
Q

How do ribs 8-10 articulate with the sternum

A

Connect to the number 7 costocartilage

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17
Q

What ribs have no costocartilage?

A

11-12

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18
Q

What ribs are true? False?

A

True: 1-7
False: 8-12

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19
Q

Ribs characterisitcs:
Vertebral end attaches to:

A

Thoracic vertebra

20
Q

Rib characteristics:
Sternal end attaches to:

A

Sternum

21
Q

How is the rib shaft angled?

A

Downward and foward; termed “angle of the rib”

22
Q

What are the characteristics of the vertebral end of the rib?

A

Consists of a head which attaches to 1 or 2 tspine, the neck is a flattened part, lateral to the neck is a tubercle which articules with the transverse process of the t-spine vertebrae

23
Q

The vertebral end of a rib is typically ____ inches higher than the sternal end

A

3-5 inches

24
Q

What is the lower inside margin of the rib called?

A

Costal groove

25
Q

The costal groove of each rib protects:

A

An artery, a vein, and a nerve

26
Q

How do the 1st ribs look?

A

Short, broad, and the most vertical

27
Q

How do 8-12 ribs look?

A

Significantly shorter

28
Q

The bony thorax is the widest at the lateral margins of the _____ or _____ rib

A

Eighth or ninth

29
Q

What is the difference in sternal obliques for a thin-chested person vs barrel-chested?

A

Thin - 20 degrees
Barrel - 15 degrees

30
Q

What is the best kVp for the sternum?

A

75

31
Q

What kVp is best for above the diaphragm ribs?

A

70-85

32
Q

When is the only type you should increase kVp for ribs?

A

Injury is over the heart

33
Q

What kVp is used for ribs below the diaphragm?

A

75-85

34
Q

Joint classification of 1-10 costochondral unions

A

Unique type of class
Synarthrodial - no movement

35
Q

Joint classifcation of SC joints

A

Synovial
Diarthrodial
Plane (gliding)

36
Q

Joint classifcation of 2nd - 7th sternocostal joints

A

Synovial
Diarthrodial
Plane (gliding)

37
Q

Joint classifcation of 1st sternocostal joint

A

Cartilaginous
Synarthrodial - no movement

38
Q

Joint classification of 6th-9th interchondral joints

A

Synovial
Diarthrodial
Plane (gliding)

39
Q

Joint classifcation of 1st-10th costotransverse joints

A

Synovial
Diarthrodial
Plane (gliding)

40
Q

Joint classifcatioin of 1-12 costovertebral joints

A

Synovial
Diarthrodial
Plane (gliding)

41
Q

How much should a patient be rotated for oblique SC joint positions?

A

10-15 degrees

42
Q

Where is the CR for oblique SC joint positions?

A

1-2” lateral toward upside

43
Q

What SC joint is best demonstrated in an RAO postion?

A

Right (downside) SC joint in the left lung field

44
Q

What SC joint is visualized with less obliquity (5-10 degrees)

A

Upside joint

45
Q

What SC joint is visualized using a posterior oblique (downside or upside)

A

Upside

Rad Positioning (39 decks)

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