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Rad Positioning > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest and longest bone of the upper body?

A

Humerus

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2
Q

What does the humerus articulate with?

A

Scapula

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3
Q

What makes up the shoulder joint?

A

Scapula and humerus

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4
Q

What is the most proximal part of the humerus?

A

Head

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5
Q

What is directly below and lateral to the head of the humerus?

A

Anatomic neck

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6
Q

What is the Anatomic Neck?

A

Looks like a line between the head and adjoining greater and lesser tubercles

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7
Q

Where is the lesser tubercle located?

A

Anterior surface directly below the neck

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8
Q

Where is the greater tubercle located?

A

Lateral side of the humerus

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9
Q

What is the groove located in between the two tubercles?

A

Intertuberacle groove

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10
Q

What is the surgical neck?

A

Where the humerus starts to taper down

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11
Q

Do more fractures happen at the surgical neck or anatomical neck?

A

Surgical

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12
Q

What 2 bones create the shoulder girdle?

A

Clavicle
Scapula

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13
Q

What is the function of the clavicle and scapula?

A

Connect the upper limb to the trunk or axial skeleton

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14
Q

How does the shoulder girdle attach to the trunk anteriorly?

A

Joins the clavicle which in turn is anteriorly joined to the upper portion of the sternum

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15
Q

How does the shoulder girdle attach to the trunk posteriorly?

A

Joins the scapula which is attached to the axial skeleton by muscles

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16
Q

What is the Acromial Extremity?

A

Lateral end of the clavicle

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17
Q

What does the Acromial Extremity articulate with?

A

Acromion of the scapula

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18
Q

What is the Acromioclavicular joint?

A

Space between lateral end of the clavicle and acromion of the scapula

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19
Q

What is the Sternal Extremity?

A

Medial portion of the clavicle

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20
Q

What does the Sternal Extremity articulate with?

A

Manubrium

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21
Q

What is the sternoclavicular joint?

A

Space between medial portion of clavicle and manubrium

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22
Q

How are female/male clavicles different?

A

Females are shorter and straigher

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23
Q

What are the 3 borders of the Scapula?

A

Medial
Superior
Lateral

24
Q

What are the 3 angles of the Scapula?

A

Lateral
Superior
Inferior

25
Q

What is the lateral angle?

A

Head of the scapula - the thickest part and ends with the Glenoid cavity

26
Q

What is the Scapulohumerual joint?

A

Space between head of the humerus and lateral angle of the scapula

27
Q

Why is the body of the scapula arched?

A

For strength

28
Q

What is the anterior surface of the scapula?

A

Coastal surface - closest to the ribs

29
Q

What is the Acromion?

A

Long curved process that extends laterally over the head of the humerus

30
Q

What is the Coracoid Process?

A

Thick beak like process the projects anteriorly beneath the clavicle

31
Q

What is the Scapular notch?

A

Notch on the superior border and partially made up by the base of corocoid process

32
Q

What is the prominent structure on the posterior side of the scapula?

33
Q

Where does the Crest start and end?

A

Medial border to Acromion

34
Q

What are the 2 fossa’s created by the Crest?

A

Infraspinous
Superspinous

35
Q

Where do the shoulder muscles attach?

A

Infra and supraspinous fossas

36
Q

What is the easiest bone in the body to break?

37
Q

kVp for Humerus/shoulder girdle?

A

70-80 w/grid

38
Q

SID for Humerus/Shoulder girdle?

39
Q

SID for AC joints?

A

72” - less beam divergence

40
Q

Film size for humerus/shoulder girlde?

A

10x12 or 8x10

41
Q

What type of joint is the scapulohumeral?

A

Ball and socket

42
Q

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular?

A

Plane/gliding

43
Q

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular?

A

Plane/gliding

44
Q

What is the thickened ridge of the spine?

45
Q

Inferior angle of scapula lines up with what vertebra?

46
Q

What is the Posterior surface of the scapula called?

A

Dorsal Surface

47
Q

What filter should be used in Y view?

48
Q

What projection is used for Hill-Sachs defect?

A

Lawrence method, w/exaggerated external rotation

49
Q

What is the CR angle for the Lawrence method?

A

25-30 degrees medially

50
Q

Where is the CR for Grashey method?

A

Scaphulohumeral joint

51
Q

What shoulder landmarks should be used for bariatric patients?

A

Jugular notch and AC joints

52
Q

What exam is best used for soft tissue pathologies, such as rotator cuff tear?

A

Arthrography

53
Q

How is NM different than Xray for shoulder exams?

A

Assesses the physiologic aspect instead of anatomic

54
Q

What is Sonography useful for in shoulder exams?

A

Muscuoskeletal imaging of joints - allows for dynamic evaluation

55
Q

How many AC joint seperation classifications are there?

56
Q

What tendon is the most common in a rotator cuff tear?

A

Supraspinatus

57
Q

How is the humeral head projected in most shoulder dislocations?

A

Anteriorly - 95% of shoulder dislocations

Rad Positioning (39 decks)

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