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Human Anatomy > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Integumentary System Functions

A 
Protection from physical, chemical, microorganisms, and radiation
Regulate body temperature
Excretion
Produce Vitamin D
Sensory Reception
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2
Q

Keratinocytes

A

Most abundant cell type of epidermis

Produce keratin

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3
Q

Keratin

A

Tough protein in epidermis that strengthens cells and helps provide protection

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4
Q

Melanocytes

A

Produce melanin

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5
Q

Tactic Epithelial Cells “Merkel”

A

Convey information to sensory neurons

Touch receptors

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6
Q

Dendritic cells “Langerhans”

A

Macrophages that have immune functions

Undergo endocytosis

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7
Q

Layers of epidermis

A 
(Deep)
Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Corneum
(Superficial)
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8
Q

Stratum Basale

A

Deepest layer of epidermis
Attached to dermis
1 layer of actively dividing cells
Cell types- Keratinocytes, Merkel cells, Melanocytes

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9
Q

Stratum Spinosum “Spiny layer”

A

2nd deepest layer of epidermis
Gets name from spiny appearance on histology slides
Cells- Keratinocytes and Dendritic cells

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10
Q

Stratum Granulosum

A

3rd deepest layer of epidermis
Last living layer
Keratohyaline granules- Help form more keratin
Lamellated granules- Secrete waterproofing glycolipid
Cells- Keratinocytes

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11
Q

Stratum Lucidum

A

4th deepest layer of epidermis
Only present in thick skin of palms and soles of feet
Few layers of flat, dead keratinocytes

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12
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

Most superficial layer of skin
Thick layer of dead keratinocytes
Provides protection from abrasion and penetration
Thickens to form calluses

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13
Q

Papillary Dermis

A

Top 20% of dermis

Contains dermal papillae

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14
Q

Dermal Papillae

A

Projections into epidermis that increase Surface Area

Function: Promote diffusion and adhere epidermis to dermis

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15
Q

Blisters

A

Caused when stratum basale and papillary dermis separate and fluid gets between them

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16
Q

Reticular Dermis

A

Deeper layer that makes up 80% of dermis

Made of variety of cells and fibers

17
Q

Hypodermis “Subcutaneous Tissue”

A

Tissue deep to skin with alveolar and adipose tissue
Function- Anchor skin to structures and insulate body
Thins with age

18
Q

Melanin

A

Pigment produced by melanocytes
Function- Migrate to keratinocytes and protect them from UV radiation
Most important pigment in determining color by amount that is not broken down in cells

19
Q

Carotene

A

Yellow-orange pigment found in tomatoes and carrots

Accumulates in epidermis from subcutaneous fat stores

20
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Red pigment stored in red blood cells

Can give lighter skin tones “pinkish hue”

Human Anatomy (23 decks)

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