Chapter 10

Question 1

Properties of muscle tissue

Answer 1

Contractability
Excitability
Conductivity
Extensibility
Elasticity

Question 2

Functions of muscle tissue

Answer 2

Body movement
Movement of internal substances
Open and close body passages
Maintain posture and body stability
Generate heat

Question 3

3 Types of muscle tissue

Answer 3

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

Question 4

Skeletal muscle

Answer 4

Attaches to bone
Voluntary, striated, and multinucleated

Question 5

Cardiac muscle

Answer 5

Found in the heart
Striated and involuntary

Question 6

Smooth muscle

Answer 6

Found in the walls of hollow organs, blood vessels, and the digestive tract
Involuntary and not striated

Question 7

Fleshy muscle attachments

Answer 7

Short fibers, muscle appears to attach directly into bone

Question 8

Indirect muscle attachments

Answer 8

Long fibers of connective tissue connect muscle to bone via tendons or aponeuroses

Question 9

Origin

Answer 9

The attachment on the less movable bone; remains relatively fixed

Question 10

Insertion

Answer 10

The attachment on the bone that moves

Question 11

Contractile proteins

Answer 11

Actin and myosin

Question 12

Actin

Answer 12

Thin filament that extends from the z-discs

Question 13

Myosin

Answer 13

Thick filament that contains ATPase and binds to actin to produce movement

Question 14

Regulatory proteins

Answer 14

Troponin and tropomyosin

Question 15

Troponin

Answer 15

Rests on tropomyosin and binds to calcium ions to move tropomyosin

Question 16

Tropomyosin

Answer 16

Covers actin binding sites when not contracting

Question 17

Structural Protein

Answer 17

Titin
Functions to provide proper alignment, elasticity, and extensibility

Question 18

Organization of muscle tissue

Answer 18

Largest
Muscle- Organ
Fascicle- Bundle
Fiber- Cell
Myofibril- Contractile organelle
Sarcomere- Contractile unit
Smallest

Question 19

Epimysium

Answer 19

Connective tissue that surrounds entire muscles

Question 20

Perimysium

Answer 20

Connective tissue that surrounds and divides fascicles

Question 21

Endomysium

Answer 21

Surrounds individual muscle fibers

Question 22

Z disc

Answer 22

Border of the sarcomere
Move closer together during contraction

Question 23

A band

Answer 23

Full length of myosin filament
Does not change during contraction

Question 24

H zone

Answer 24

The Center of the A band, contains no actin
Shortens/disappears during contraction

Question 25

M line

Answer 25

Rods in the center of the sarcomere that hold myosin together
Not impacted during contraction

Question 26

I Band

Answer 26

Ends of adjacent sarcomeres with only actin
Shortens during contraction

Question 27

Sarcolemma

Answer 27

Plasma membrane of muscle fibers

Question 28

Transverse (T) Tubules

Answer 28

Deep extensions of the sarcolemma that deliver nerve impulse to deep myofibrils

Question 29

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Answer 29

Specialized smooth ER that contains and releases calcium ions when stimulated that triggers sliding filament mechanism

Question 30

Concentric contraction

Answer 30

Produce force while shortening

Question 31

Eccentric contraction

Answer 31

Produce force while lengthening

Question 32

Motor unit

Answer 32

One motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates
All fibers contract when the neuron fires