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Human Anatomy > Chapter 11 Concepts > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Concepts Flashcards

1
Q

Lever

A

Rigid bar that moves
Bones

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2
Q

Fulcrum

A

Fixed point that movement happens about
Joint

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3
Q

Effort

A

Applied force
Point of muscle attachment

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4
Q

Load

A

Resistance
Anything being lifted

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5
Q

Mechanical advantage

A

Force focused
Move large load smaller distances

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6
Q

Mechanical Disadvantage

A

Range of motion focused
Move load large distances

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7
Q

1st Class Lever

A

Load and effort on opposite sides
Fulcrum in middle
Ex- Lifting head
Mechanical advantage and disadvantage

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8
Q

2nd Class Lever

A

Effort and fulcrum on opposite sides
Load in middle
Ex- Standing on tiptoes
Mechanical advantage

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9
Q

3rd Class Lever

A

Load and fulcrum on opposite sides
Effort in middle
Ex- Biceps Brachii
Mechanical Disadvantage

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10
Q

What lever class are most muscles?

A

3rd class levers
Work at mechanical disadvantage

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11
Q

Parallel Fascicle Arrangement

A

Run with long axis of muscle

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12
Q

Convergent Fascicle Arrangement

A

Broad origin that converge toward insertion

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13
Q

Pennate Fascicle Arrangement

A

Run at angle to long axis of muscle

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14
Q

Unipennate Fascicle Arrangement

A

Insert into 1 side of tendon

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15
Q

Bipennate Fascicle Arrangement

A

Insert into tendon from both sides

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16
Q

Multipennate Fascicle Arrangement

A

Insert into 1 large tendon from all sides

17
Q

Circular Fascicle Arrangement

A

Arranged in concentric rings

18
Q

Prime Mover (Agonist)

A

Major responsibility for a particular movement
Produces most force

19
Q

Antagonist

A

Opposes or reverses a movement
Works against prime mover

20
Q

Synergist

A

Assists prime mover
Can add force or reduce undesirable movmenet

21
Q

Fixator

A

Type of synergist that holds a bone in place and stabilizes the joint

22
Q

Factors to name muscles

A

Direction of fascicles
Location of attachments
Number of origins
Action produced

Human Anatomy (23 decks)

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