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Human Anatomy > Chapter 14- Peripheral Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 14- Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Sensory Receptors

A

Detect internal or external conditions

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2
Q

Motor endings

A

innervate effectors

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3
Q

Nerves

A

Bundles of axons travelling to similar destinations

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4
Q

Ganglia

A

Cluster of cell bodies in the PNS

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5
Q

Cranial nerves

A

Attach to brain and pass through skull foramina
I + II attach to forebrain
III - XII attach to brainstem
Sensory, motor, or mixed

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6
Q

Cranial Nerve Names

A

I- Olfactory
II- Optic
III- Oculomotor
IV- Trochlear
V- Trigeminal
VI- Abducens
VII- Facial
VIII- Vestibulocochlear (Auditory)
IX- Glossopharyngeal Nerve
X- Vagus
XI- Accessory
XII- Hypoglossal

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7
Q

Cranial Nerve I

A

Olfactory Nerve
Sensory
Responsible for sense of smell

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8
Q

Cranial Nerve II

A

Optic Nerve
Sensory
Responsible for Vision

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9
Q

Cranial Nerve III

A

Oculomotor nerve
Motor
Innervate 4 of 6 external eye muscles

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10
Q

Cranial Nerve IV

A

Trochlear Nerve
Motor
Innervates extrinsic eye muscle

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11
Q

Cranial Nerve V

A

Trigeminal Nerve
Mixed
Sensory innervation to face
Motor innervation to chewing muscles

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12
Q

Cranial Nerve VI

A

Abducens
Motor
Abducts eyeball

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13
Q

Cranial Nerve VII

A

Facial Nerve
Mixed
Muscles of facial expression
Some taste and ear sensation

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14
Q

Branches of Facial Nerve

A

Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical

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15
Q

Cranial Nerve VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Sensory
Responsible for hearing and balance

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16
Q

Cranial Nerve IX

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Mixed
Control tongue and pharynx
Some taste

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17
Q

Cranial Nerve X

A

Vagus Nerve
Mixed
Controls parasympathetic response
Runs throughout thorax and abdomen

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18
Q

Cranial Nerve XI

A

Accessory Nerve
Motor
Innervates neck and back muscles
Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

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19
Q

Cranial Nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal Nerve
Motor
Controls tongue muscles

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20
Q

Spinal Nerves

A

31 Nerve pairs innervating the body
8 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
5 Sacral
1 Coccygeal

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21
Q

Spinal nerve naming patterns

A

Cervical- Share name with vertebrae on top of
Example- C4 (nerve) is between C3+C4 (vertebrae)
Exception- c8, under C7 vertebrae
Other- Share name with vertebrae below
Example- T2 (nerve) is between T2+T3 (vertebrae)

22
Q

Parts of Spinal Nerves

A

Roots- Connect spinal nerve and spinal cord
Rami- Branch from spinal nerve to innervate body
Dorsal and ventral for each

23
Q

Dorsal root

A

Sensory fibers and cell bodies for sensory neurons

24
Q

Ventral root

A

Motor neuron fibers emerging from spinal cord

25
Q

Dorsal rami

A

Sensory and motor fibers that innervate the posterior torso in neat, segmented patterns

26
Q

Ventral rami

A

Sensory and motor fibers that innervate the anterolateral torso and limbs
Form plexuses

27
Q

Thoracic Innervation

A

Dorsal and Ventral Rami (T2-T12) follow neat, segmented pattern
Ventral rami lead to intercostal nerve, lateral cutaneous, and anterior cutaneous nerves

28
Q

Nerve plexuses

A

Branching and merging of ventral rami to form a network of new nerves
Primarily serve limbs
Cervical, Brachial, Lumbar, and Sacral

29
Q

Cervical Plexus

A

Ventral rami of C1-C4
Deep in neck
Innervate skin and muscles in anterior neck
Phrenic nerve- Innervates Diaphragm

30
Q

Brachial Plexus

A

Ventral rami of C5-C8 and T1
Lie in neck and axillary regions
Form musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, radial, and axillary nerves

31
Q

Nerves of the Lateral cord

A

Musculocutaneous and Median

32
Q

Nerves of the Medial Cord

A

Median and Ulnar

33
Q

Nerves of the Posterior Cord

A

Radial and Axillary

34
Q

Musculocutaneous Nerve

A

Lateral cord
Innervates anterior arm

35
Q

Median Nerve

A

Lateral and medial cords
Innervates anterior forearm and lateral palm (thumb side)

36
Q

Ulnar Nerve

A

Medial cord
Innervates intrinsic hand muscles and medial hand on both sides (Pinky side)

37
Q

Radial nerve

A

Posterior cord
Largest nerve of brachial plexus
Innervates posterior upper limb

38
Q

Axillary nerve

A

Branch of radial nerve (posterior cord)
Inntervates deltoid and teres minor

39
Q

Lumbar plexus

A

Ventral rami of L1-L4
Form femoral and obturator nerves

40
Q

Femoral Nerve

A

Lumbar plexus
Innervates anterior thigh

41
Q

Obturator nerve

A

Lumbar plexus
Innervates medial thigh (adductor muscles)

42
Q

Sacral plexus

A

Ventral rami of L4-L5 and S1-S4
Forms Sciatic nerve, gluteal nerves, and pudendal nerves

43
Q

Sciatic Nerve

A

Largest nerve of leg
Two nerves in 1 sheath:
Tibial nerve
Fibular (peroneal) Nerve

44
Q

Tibial nerve

A

Innervates posterior lower limb

45
Q

Fibular (peroneal) nerve

A

Innervates anterolateral leg

46
Q

Superior and inferior gluteal nerves

A

Innervate gluteal muscles

47
Q

Pudendal nerves

A

Innervate muscles of the perineum

48
Q

Dermatomes

A

Map of cutaneous innervation by spinal nerve
Upper limb- Brachial plexus
Anterior lower limb- Lumbar plexus
Posterior lower limb- Sacral plexus

49
Q

Flaccid Paralysis

A

Damage between spinal cord and muscle
No contraction

50
Q

Spastic Paralysis

A

Damage between brain and spinal cord
Unconscious and uncontrolled muscle contraction

Human Anatomy (23 decks)

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