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human anatomy > Chapter 15- Visceral Nervous System > Flashcards

Chapter 15- Visceral Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Autonomic Nervous System Functions

A

Innervation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
Regulate visceral functions like heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and urination

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2
Q

Preganglionic Neurons

A

Cell body in lateral gray horn
Myelinated
Synapse with ganglia
Release acetylcholine

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3
Q

Postganglionic neurons

A

Cell body in external ganglia
Not myelenated
Synapse with effector
Release varied neurotransmitters

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4
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System Function

A

Responsible for fight, flight, or fright response
Increase heart rate and respiration
Decrease digestion and urination
Dilate eyes

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5
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System Structures

A

Originate from thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
Ganglia located next to spinal cord
Long postganglionic fibers
Postganglionic neurotransmitter is norepinephrine
Highly branched

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6
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System Function

A

Homeostatic “Rest and Digest” Response
Decrease heart rate and respiration
Increase digestion and urination
Constrict eyes

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7
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System Structures

A

Originate from cranial and sacral regions
Cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, and 10
Mostly vagus nerve
Ganglia in wall of effector
Short postganglionic fibers that release acetylcholine

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8
Q

Sympathetic Trunk Ganglia

A

Ganglia running alongside the vertebral column
Linked to ventral rami by rami communicantes

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9
Q

White rami communicantes

A

Myelinated axons
Preganglionic neurons

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10
Q

Gray rami communicantes

A

Unmyelinated axons
Postganglionic neurons

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11
Q

Prevertebral ganglia

A

Unpaired ganglia in abdomen and pelvis anterior to vertebral column
Ex- Celiac, mesenteric, inferior hypogastric
Cause longer preganglionic neuron

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12
Q

Splanchnic Nerve

A

Connects sympathetic trunk and prevertebral ganglia
Preganglionic and postganglionic neurons

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13
Q

Adrenal Medulla

A

Main organ of sympathetic nervous system
Releases norepinephrine and adrenaline
Directly stimulated by preganglionic fibers

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14
Q

Adrenal Medullary Pathway

A

All 1 Neuron:
-Ventral Rami
-Sympathetic Trunk
-Splanchnic Nerve
-Adrenal Medulla

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15
Q

Control of the Autonomic Nervous System

A

Reticular formation
Hypothalamus
Amygdala

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16
Q

Visceral Sensory Neurons

A

Monitor stretch, temperature, chemical changes, and irritation
Cell body in dorsal root ganglia

17
Q

Visceral reflex components

A

Sensory receptors in viscera
Visceral sensory neuron
Integration center
Efferent pathway (pre and postganglionic neuron)
Effector

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