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Anatomy > Chapter 28: Reproductive system (Female reproductive system) (Lecture) > Flashcards

Chapter 28: Reproductive system (Female reproductive system) (Lecture) Flashcards

1
Q

Most important organ in both male & female reproductive system is the _________

A

gonad

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2
Q

What does the gonad do?

A

Organ that produces the gametes (sex cells) (in women it produces oocyte)

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3
Q

The ovary in women are _________

A

Paired, have a left & right ovary

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4
Q

What component makes up the structure of the ovary?

A
  • Tunica albuginea (which is the outtermost layer, white surface of the ovary)
  • Cortex (contains follicles )
  • Medulla (contains the blood supply, & located in the inner layer, Where all oocytes are produced)
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5
Q

The ovary is connected by the ___________ ligament, which is a fetal remnant

A

Ovarian Ligament

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6
Q

The _____________ Ligament is also attached to the ovary & its important because it contains the ovarian blood supply

A

Suspensory Ligament

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7
Q

The ___________ is a broad ligament that is attached to the Uterus

A

Mesentery

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8
Q

The Uterus is also attached to the ___________ ligament which is also a fetal remnant

A

Round ligament

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9
Q

The ____________ ligament is a strong attachment between the Uterus and the sacrum

A

Uterosacral Ligament

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10
Q

Oocytes are ___________

A

Female gametes

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11
Q

The developmental process of oocytes is called _____________

A

Oogenesis (formation of oocytes)

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12
Q

Forming oocytes the process begins in the females _________

A

Fetus (primary oocytes, starts meiosis)

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13
Q

At the end of prophase 1 of meiosis, there is about _______- oocytes

A

1.5 M at birth

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14
Q

By puberty, there are about __________ oocytes

A

400,000

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15
Q

Oocyte are surrounded by _________ cells which support the oocytes

A

Follicular cells

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16
Q

What are some other functions of the Follicular cells do for the oocytes?

A

Secrete estrogen ( changes urine linging)

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17
Q

Primary follicles are surrounded by __________ cells which make the outer lining for it & its function is to produce _________

A

Granulosa cells, estrogen

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18
Q

When primary follicles mature they become ____________ follicles

A

secondary follicles

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19
Q

secondary follicles contain many layer of Granulosa cells, & have a fluid filled space surrounded by Granulosa cells called ___________

A

Antrum

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20
Q

Secondary follicles will later become __________ follicles

A

Mature follicles

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21
Q

What are the different names for mature follicles?

A

Vesicular follicle & Grafian follicle

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22
Q

How can you distinguish a mature follicle?

A

Has alot of antrum in it

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23
Q

A mature follicle is a ___________ oocyte which has finished meiosis 1

A

Secondary oocyte

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24
Q

Follicle cells that stay behind form what?

A

Corpus luteum (yellow body, No oocyte (after ovulation))

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25
Q

What is the function of the Corpus luteum?

A

Secretes progesterone & estrogen

26
Q

What is the function of progesterone in the Corpus luteum?

A

Maintain uterine lining for possible implantation

27
Q

If there is no implantation the corpus luteum later degenerates & becomes ______________

A

Corpus albicans

28
Q

When a Corpus albicans forms what happens?

A

corpus luteum break down & become a scar tissue

29
Q

_____________ conducts the eggs from the ovary to the uterus

A

Uterine Tubes (Fallopian Tubes)

30
Q

The __________ is nearest to the ovary but not attached to the ovary

A

Infundibulum

31
Q

The ___________ are finger like-folds that are part of the Infundibulum

A

Fimbriae

32
Q

What is the function of the Fimbriae?

A

Guide oocytes to urterine tube

33
Q

Ampulla is known as an _____________ region (its after the infundibulum)

A

expanded

34
Q

What is the importance of the Ampulla?

A

Its typically the site of fertilization

35
Q

Where is the Isthmus located at?

A

Medial to the Ampulla

36
Q

The uterine part of the uterine tube is ________________

A

Is continuous with the wall of the uterus

37
Q

Within the uterine tubes, the __________ is folded

A

Mucosa

38
Q

The Mucosa folds are covered with what tissue type?

A

Simple columnar epithelium & they are ciliated to transport oocytes to the uterus

39
Q

______________ is also located in the walls of the uterine tube which participates in peristalsis, which also moves the oocyte toward the uterus

A

Muscularis

40
Q

What is the uterus’s main function?

A

Maintains pregnancy

41
Q

Describe how the uterus looks

A

Its a thick wall muscular organ

42
Q

Describe the location of the uterus

A

Its anterosuperiorly orientated, superior to the bladder & its located in the pelvic cavity

43
Q

What are the main regions of the uterus?

A
  1. Fundus (top-dome looking part)
  2. Body (main part of the uterus)
  3. Cervix (inferior part of the uterus)
44
Q

The outermost layer of the uterus is called ___________

A

Perimetrium

45
Q

What tissue type is the Perimetrium? & is continuous with ___________ ligament

A

A serous membrane & is also continuous with the broad ligament of the uterus

46
Q

___________ is the muscular layer of the uterus that functions in labor contractions

A

Myometrium

47
Q

The ____________ is the innermost layer of the uterus

A

Endometrium

48
Q

The very innermost layer of the Endometrium is ___________

A

Mucosa (thick layer)

49
Q

Deep in you have _____________

A

Uterine glands

50
Q

The Endometrium has what two layers?

A
  1. Basal layer (doesnt change in thickness)
  2. Functional layer (changes alot, it grows (thickens) or sheds depending on the menstrual cycle

(caused by the level of estrogen & progesterone in the body)

51
Q

Describe the vagina

A

It’s a thick-walled muscular tube (also known as the birth canal)

52
Q

What is the function of the vagina?

A

Its the female copulatory organ

53
Q

What is the lining of the vagina made of?

A

Muscoa

54
Q

The mucosa in the vagina is made up of what?

A

Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

55
Q

Where is the breast located at?

A

On the anterior side of the thoracic wall

56
Q

What are the breasts composed of?

A

Composed of fat & glandular tissue

57
Q

The breast is supported by the ____________ ligament

A

Suspensory ligament (Anchor to pectoralis major)

58
Q

What type of glands are in the center of the breast? and what does it do?

A

Mammary glands (they are divided into lobes that have alveoli that are the functional unit for producing milk)

59
Q

_________ proliferate
during/after pregnancy, which causes the boobs to grow & shrink after

A

Alveoli

60
Q

Alveoli are connected to ________ ducts which drains the lobes (conduct the milk towards the nipple)

A

Lactiferous ducts

61
Q

_________ sinuses sit just below the nipple, are just a holding space for the milk

A

Lactiferous sinuses (most milk is produce on demand, not rlly stored)

Anatomy (82 decks)

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