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Anatomy > Chapter 15: Part I (Brain) SYDNEY > Flashcards

Chapter 15: Part I (Brain) SYDNEY Flashcards

1
Q

What are the major regions of the brain?

A
  • Cerebrum
  • Diencephalon
  • Brainstem
  • Cerebellum
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2
Q

____________ the are folds on the brain

A

Gyri

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3
Q

__________ are the depressions on the brain

A

Sulci

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4
Q

_________ & ________ are the key to brain power

A

Gyri & Sulci

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5
Q

What is gray matter?

A

Its unmyelinated axons, cell bodies

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6
Q

What is white matter?

A

Myelinated axons

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7
Q

___________ are the wrappings around the brain & central nervous system & protect the brain

A

Meninges

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8
Q

What are the 3 layers of the meninges?

A
  1. Pia mater
  2. Arachnoid mater
  3. Dura mater
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9
Q

___________ is innermost mater of the meningies

A

Pia mater

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10
Q

___________is the outermost mater of the meninges

A

Dura mater

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11
Q

__________ if the toughest out of the all the layer in the meninges

A

Dura mater

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12
Q

What are the large spaces in the dura mater called?

A

Dural venus sinuses

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13
Q

___________ is the middle layer mater

A

Arachnoid mater

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14
Q

The arachnoid mater contains ____________

A

trabeculae

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15
Q

_________ are neural tubes within the brain

A

Cavities

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16
Q

What are the 4 types of brain ventricles?

A
  1. Lateral ventricles
  2. Third ventricle
  3. Cerebral aqueduct
  4. Fourth ventricle
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17
Q

The third ventricle contains __________

A

Diencephalon

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18
Q

The fourth ventricle contains _____________

A

Pon & the cerebellum

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19
Q

Ventricles are filled with ______________

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

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20
Q

What is the functions of the cerebrospinal fluid?

A
  • Reduces the weight of the brain (buoyancy)
  • Physical cushioning
  • Nutrients & wastes
  • Environment
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21
Q

The cerebrospinal fluid is produced inside ___________ which are also inside ventricles

A

Choroid plexus

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22
Q

Choroid plexus is made up of _________ & ____________

A

Capillaries & ependymal cells

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23
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid is able to circulate inside the brain due to ______________-

A

Arachnoid granulations

24
Q

What are the 3 small pathways used to circulate the cerebrospinal fluid?

A
  1. Median aperture
  2. two Lateral aperture
25
Q

_____________ is the conduction when cerebrospinal fluid can’t circulate inside the brain

A

Hydrocephalus (causes fetus heads to expand)

26
Q

_____________ is used for most of the complex functions of the brain such as conscious motor & sensory processing

A

Cerebrum

27
Q

The cerebrum is divided into left & right hemispheres that are divided by the __________

A

Longitudinal fissure

28
Q

The outer layer of the cerebral cortex is made up of ____________

A

Gray matter

29
Q

The cerebral cortex is divdived into lobes & what are those lobes?

A
  • Frontal lobe
  • Parietal lobe
  • Occipital lobe
  • Temporal lobe
  • Insula
30
Q

The brain has some localized function where you can point at a part of the brain know know what that part does & also has diffuses functions such as what?

A

Memory & language

31
Q

___________ is used in decision-making, our personality & voluntary motor (such are primary motor cortex)

A

Frontal lobe

32
Q

The parietal lobe contains _______________

A

postcentral gyrus

33
Q

Our postcentral gyrus contains what?

A
  • Somatosensory cortex
  • Conscious senses
  • Sensory homunculus
34
Q

_________ lobe contains the auditory association area (where sound memory) & contains our primary olfactory cortex (used for smell)

A

Temporal lobe

35
Q

_________ contains primary gustatory cortex (which is responsible for taste) & also the emotional responses/ empathy

A

Insula

36
Q

___________ lobe contains primary visual cortex & visual association area

A

Occipital lobe

37
Q

Deep in the cerebral cortex & in the white matter got _________ which contain the pineal gland

A

Diencephalon

38
Q

What does the pineal gland do?

A

It contains melatonin & controls circadian rhythms

39
Q

__________ is used as a filter of sensory information & only sends some information to the somatosensory cortex

A

Thalamus

40
Q

Wher e is the hypothalamus located?

A

Between the thalamus & pituitary

41
Q

What are the different functions of the hypothalamus?

A
  • Body temp regulation
  • Emotional behavior control
  • Food & water intake regulation
  • Circadian rhythms
    -Autonomic & endocrine system master control
42
Q

___________ is a stem inferior to the Diencephalon & contains the cerebral peduncles

A

Midbrain

43
Q

The cerebral peduncles are _________

A

Motor tracts

44
Q

_________ is involved in visual & auditory processing

A

Tectum

45
Q

What are the types of colliculi that are in the tectum & involved in visual & auditory processing?

A
  • Superior colliculi
  • Inferior colliculi
46
Q

Super colliculi is involved in visual reflex & tracks __________

A

Moving objects

47
Q

Inferior colliculi is involved in auditory reflex & tracks _____________

A

tracks sound

48
Q

_________ are the bulging region anterior on the brainstem

A

Pons

49
Q

What are the functions of the Pons?

A

Controls parts of skeletal muscle breathing control

50
Q

Pons connect to what region on the brain?

A

Cerebellum

51
Q

Pons contains which cranial nerves?

A

5, 6, 7, & 8

52
Q

________- is posterior to the brainstem

A

Cerebellum

53
Q

What are the functions of the Cerebellum?

A

Involved in fine motor control such as motor coordination & balance

54
Q

___________ is the inferior portion of the brainstem

A

Medulla oblongata

55
Q

Alot of the medulla oblongata is made up of __________ which are tract from the spinal cord to the rest of the brain

A

White matter

56
Q

The gray matter in the medulla is important for what?

A

Autonomic vital functions such as respirations, heart rate/strength
& blood pressure

57
Q

Medulla oblongata is the source for which cranial nerves?

A

7- 12

Anatomy (82 decks)

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