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Anatomy > Chapter 24: Lymphatic System (lecture) SYDNEY > Flashcards

Chapter 24: Lymphatic System (lecture) SYDNEY Flashcards

1
Q

what is lymph?

A

interstitial fluid in lymphatic system

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2
Q

parts of the lymph

A

-blood plasma (minus clotting factors)

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3
Q

significance of lymphatic system

A

-accumulate without system
-edema

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4
Q

functions of lymphatic system

A

-drain excess interstitial fluid
-dietary liquids
-immune function

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5
Q

functions of lymphatic vessels

A

-return excess fluid
-low-pressure system
-contains lymph capillaries

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6
Q

what makes the lymphatic vessels a low-pressure system?

A

-backflow valves
-thin walls

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7
Q

characteristics of lymphatic capillaries

A

-close-ended
-.among capillary beds
-one-way entrance valves
-endothelium only

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8
Q

parts of lymphatic capillaries

A

-lacteal
-small intestine
-dietary lipids
-lipid-soluble vitamins

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9
Q

characteristic of lymphatic vessels

A

-three tunics
-one-way valves
-attach to nodes
-lymph passes through multiple nodes

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10
Q

how many and what are the lymphatic ducts?

A

-two
-right lymphatic duct
-thoracic duct

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11
Q

location and parts of the right lymphatic duct

A

-location: right clavicle
-right subclavian vein and right internal jugular vein
-drainage

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12
Q

where does drainage occur?

A

-right upper limb
-upper right thorax
-right head

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13
Q

size and parts of the thoracic duct

A

-largest
-cisterna chyli
-anterior to vertebrae

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14
Q

where does the thoracic duct empty into?

A

-left subclavian jugular
-left internal jugular

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15
Q

location of the cisterna chyli

A

L2

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16
Q

definition and function of lymphatic nodules

A

-clusters of lymphatic cells
-immune function

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17
Q

do lymphatic nodules have connective tissue>

A

no

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18
Q

definition and function of MALT

A

-definition: mucosa of digestive, respiratory, genital, and urinary tracts
-function: confront pathogens and Peyer’s patches

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19
Q

location of peyer’s patches

A

ileum

20
Q

structure of lymphatic nodule

A

tonsils

21
Q

functions and location of tonsils

A

-functions: trap material & lymphocyte ID
-location: palatine (2), lingual (2), pharyngeal (adenoid) (1)

22
Q

definition and size of lymph nodes

A

-clusters of lymphatic cells, bound by capsule
-1-25 mm

23
Q

functions of lymphatic nodes

A

-filyter antigens from lymph
-initiate lymphatic response

24
Q

what happens during the initiation of lymphatic response?

A

-produces B-lymphocytes
-may become swollen and tender

25
Q

types of clusters of nodes

A

-axillary
-cervical
-inguinal

26
Q

body parts in axillary cluster of nodes

A

-breast
-axilla
-upper limb

27
Q

body parts in cervical cluster of nodes

A

-head
-neck

28
Q

body parts in inguinal cluster of nodes

A

-lower limb
-pelvis

29
Q

characteristics of the lymphatic nodes

A

-bound by capsule
-divided into internal compartments

30
Q

what internal compartments are the lymphatic nodules divided into?

A

trabeculae

31
Q

significance of nodules of lymphatic cells

A

core of proliferating B-lymphocytes

32
Q

types of vessels in lymphatic nodes

A

-afferent lymphatic vessels
-efferent lymphatic vessels

33
Q

location of spleen

A

-abdomen
-left upper quadrant
-ribs 9-11
-convex lateral aspect
-hilum

34
Q

function of spleen

A

-immune response
-blood and erythrocyte reservoir
-destroy bacteria, foreign debris
-destroy old erythrocytes & platelets

35
Q

when does blood and erythrocyte reservoir occur?

A

released during activity

36
Q

anatomy of the spleen

A

-capsule
-trabeculae
-blood supply
-white pulp
-red pulp

37
Q

what tissue is the capsule made out of?

A

dense irregular connective tissue

38
Q

what tissue is the trabeculae made out of?

A

partitions tissue

39
Q

where does the blood supply go to from the spleen?

A

-splenic artery
-splenic vein

40
Q

characteristics of the white pulp?

A

-around central artery
-lymphatic cells
-immune function

41
Q

characteristics of the red pulp?

A

-between arteries and venous drainage
-splenic sinusoids
-macrophages
-hemolytic & blood storage
-reticular tissue

42
Q

how can the spleen become damaged?

A

-severe injury to the ribs
-puncture wounds
-increased abdominal pressure can rupture
-severe hemorrhage and shock

43
Q

how is the repair process of the spleen?

A

repair is very difficult

44
Q

what is required to keep a patient from bleeding to death?

A

splenectomy

45
Q

what happens with the loss of a spleen?

A

-it is not life-threatening
-greater incidence if bacterial infection

46
Q

what other reticular organs take over functions if the spleen is removed?

A

-liver
-bone marrow
-lymph nodes

Anatomy (82 decks)

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