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Anatomy > Chapter 16, 17, & 18 > Flashcards

Chapter 16, 17, & 18 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the steps in preparation of action?

A
  1. Energy from glycogen
  2. increased muscie tonas
  3. increased heart rate
  4. Inhibition of non- ertical systems
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2
Q

Parasympathetic Division does what?

A

Brings body to homeostasis

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3
Q

What are the 4 types of the Preganglionic Motor Neurons?

A
  1. Origins
  2. Vagus Nerve (CN X)
  3. Axons not branched
  4. Synapse
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4
Q

What are the two ganglia in the synapse?

A
  1. Terminal ganglia
  2. Intramural ganglia
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5
Q

Terminal ganglia is __________ to an organ

A

Close to organ

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6
Q

Intramural ganglia is _______ organ

A

Inside organ

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7
Q

Postganglionic Motor Neurons are ________ pathways

A

Short

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8
Q

What are the Preganglionic Motor Neurons?

A
  1. Thoracolumbar (& sacral) origin
  2. Autonomic ganglion
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9
Q

What is the location Sympathetic Trunk Ganglia?

A

Lateral to vetebral column

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10
Q

Sympathetic Trunk Ganglia is linked to what?

A

Rami communicates

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11
Q

Prevertebral Ganglia is unpaired, anterior to vertebrae, contains unpaired branches of aorta, and is _____________ ganglia

A

Sympathetic

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12
Q

Postganglionic Motor Neurons are ____________ pathways

A

Long

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13
Q

The Sympathetic Division is involved in Mass Activation and responsible for our _____________ response

A

Flight or fight response

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14
Q

What type of sensory is in the Autonomic Nervous System?

A

Visceral sensory

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15
Q

What are the two types of Autonomic Motor Neurons?

A
  1. Preganglionic neuron
  2. Autonomic Ganalion
  3. Postganglionic Neuron
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16
Q

Autonomic Nervous System has what two types of cells?

A
  1. Preganglionic cells
  2. Postganglionic cells
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17
Q

Why does it have two types of cells?

A

more connections

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18
Q

Why does it have two types of cells?

A

more connections

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19
Q

What is the function Sympathetic Division?

A

prepares body for emergencies

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20
Q

Sciatic Nerve innervates what part of the body and what type of branches?

A

posterior thigh, leg, foot and contains Tibial nerve as its braches

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21
Q

Our reflexes Rapid, ___________ reactions and typically protective by bypassing complies processing. It also contains the reflex arc

A

involuntary

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22
Q

What is the definition of Reflex Arc?

A

Neural Pathway of a single reflex

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23
Q

What are the roots in the Lumbar Plexus?

A

L1 -L4

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24
Q

Lumbar Plexus innverates what?

A

Lower Limb and inferior abdominou wall

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25
What nerve is in the lumbar plexus?
Femoral nerve
26
What is the femoral nerve motor & sensory functions?
Motor: Anterior thigh musches Sensory: Cutaneous thign à medial leg
27
Sacral Plexus is located __________
Anterior to sacrum In true peivis
28
Sacral Plexus innverates what and it's Innervation happen where?
Innverates Peivis and Perineum it's innervation occur at Anterior neck muscles, Skin of neck head, and shoulders
29
What type of nerve is in the Sacral Plexus?
Phrenic nerves (C3, C4, C5)
30
What is the destination of Phrenic nerves?
pericardium & diaphragm
31
Brachial Plexus innervations occur where?
upper limb and pectoral girdle
32
What type of nerves are in the Brachial Plexus?
Terminal Nerves
33
The Terminal Nerves contains what three types of sub nerves?
1. Musculocutaneous n. 2. Median n. 3. Ulnar n.
34
What is the clinical example of brachial plexus?
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (Median n. And Carpal Tunne and has 1 Coccygeal)
35
What are Dermatomes?
Segment of skin innervated by a spiral nerve
36
Dermatomes can be mapped how?
Nerve clamage
37
What is the clinical example of Dermatomes?
Heart attack (T1-Ts dermatome)
38
What is the definition of Nerve Plexuses?
neurons from multiple spinal nerves
39
How does the nerve plexuses minimize damage?
Total innervation loss to an organ /muscle requires damage to multipie segments
40
_________ plexus is located in the neck and it's vaccine was created in 1950
Cervical Plexus
41
What are the roots of the Cervical Plexus?
C1-C4
42
How is the spinal nerve branches positioned?
Lateral to Intervertebral Foramen
43
What are the 3 parts to the spinal nerve branches?
1. Rami 2. Anterior rami 3. Rami communicates
44
Ram contains _________ which is thin & contains skin & deep muscles associated w/ vertebrae
Posterior rami
45
_________ ram is large & associates with most structures such as Trunk, Limbs, etc
Anterior rami
46
___________ is part of the spinal nerve branches and associated with autonomic nervous system
Rami communicates
47
What is the destination of the Rami communicates?
Sympathetic trunk gargila
48
What is the Distribution of Spinal Nerves?
• 8 Cervical • 12 Thoracic • 5 Lumbar • 5 Sacral
49
Gray Matter contains what type of horns?
1. Posterior Horns 2. Anterior Horns
50
What type of tissue does posterior horn has?
Sensory neurons
51
What type of tissue does anterior horn has?
motor neurons
52
__________ are autonomic motor neurons
Lateral Horns
53
How many pairs are within the spinal nerve?
31 pairs
54
What type of roots are in the spinal nerve?
1. Posterior (Dorsal) Root 2. Anterior Root
55
What is the description of the posterior (dorsal) root?
Sensory axons onIy
56
___________ ganglion is is located in the posterior (dorsal) root
Dorsal root
57
What is the description of the dorsal root ganglion?
Cell badies of sensory neurons
58
_______ are just axons of motor neurons and contain Cell bodies in anterior horn of gray matter
Anterior Root
59
What is a clinical examples of spinal nerve ?
Polio
60
What are some aspects of Polio?
• Gastrointestinal disease • Passed through fecal matter • Secondarily causes paralysis
61
Polio occurs in __________ individuals and also causes meningitis and attacks ventral horn neurons
Older
62
_________ is the Brain -body link but is also independent from the brain
Spinal cord
63
The spinal cord is from skull to ______ in adults
L1
64
What is the location of the spinal cord?
Vetebral canal
65
What are the structures in the spinal cord?
1. Conus Medullaris 2. Cauda Equna 3. Filum Terminale
66
What is the description of Conus Medullaris?
End of spinal cord
67
What is the location of the End of spinal cord?
Tapering to point
68
What is the definition of Cauda Equina?
Horses tail
69
What is the composition of Cauda Equina?
Nerve root
70
What is the function of the Filum Terminale?
Anchors spinal cord to coccyx
71
_________ is a Continuation of cranial meninges
Meninges
72
What are the different parts of the meninges?
- Epidural space - Dura mater - Subdural space - Arachnoid mater - Subarachnoid space - Pia mater
73
What are the feature & function of the Pia mater?
Feature: denticulate ligaments Function: Support spinal cord
74
_________ is located in Subarachnoid space, between vertebrae, flexed vertebral column (L3 & L4 or L4 & L5)
Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap)
75
What is the reasoning for why the Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap) is located where it is?
Least likelihood of damage - Cauda equina
76
What is the purpose of the Lumbar Puncture (Spinal Tap)?
Sample CSF
77
What are the contents of the central canal?
Contains CSF and remnant of embryonic nebral canal

Anatomy (82 decks)

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