Chapter 18: Crime Typologies Part 1 Flashcards
_________- a classification system/scheme that attempts to simplify information by identifying homogenous (similar) groups of cases/attributes and combining them to make a smaller number of categories
Typology
The goal of a ________ is to come up with simpler classification that is based on the principles of homogeneity within categories and heterogeneity across categories.
typology
The goal of a typology is to come up with simpler classification that is based on the principles of ___________ within categories and ____________ across categories
homogeneity
heterogeneity
hat are the different type of typologies?
(1) Legal-Based Typologies
(2) Offender-Based Typologies
(3) Multi-Trait Typologies
What is the most common type of typology?
legal-based typologies
What is the legal-based typology based on?
misdemeanor vs felony
What are the limitations of the legal-based typology?
(1) something as diverse as murder and auto theft are considered the same type of offense (felony)
(2) jurisdictional differences in the legal status of offenses
(i. e. marijuana is a felony in one place and a misdemeanor in another)
What are the three legal types of offense categories of legal-based typologies?
(1) Crimes against the person
(2) Crimes against property
(3) Crimes against public order
What are “crimes against the person”?
murder
sexual assault
robbery
battery
What are crimes against property?
burglary larceny forgery embezzlement auto theft
What are crimes against public order?
disturbing the peace trespassing drunkenness drug use prostitution
How does the Uniform Crime Report (UCR) classify crime?
-Index Crimes (Part I Offenses) –Non-Index Crimes (Part II Offenses)
What are the types of offenses under UCR?
(1) Murder and Non-Negligent Manslaughter
(2) Forcible Rape
(3) Robbery
(4) Aggravated Assault
(5) Burglary
(6) Larceny/Theft
(7) Motor-Vehicle Theft
(8) Arson
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
causing the death of another person without legal justification or excuse
Murder and Non-Negligent Manslaughter
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
sexual intercourse or attempted sexual intercourse with a female against her will, by force or threat of force
Forcible Rape
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
unlawful taking or attempted taking of property that is in the immediate possession of another, by force or threat of force
Robbery
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
unlawful and intentional causing of serious bodily injury with or without a deadly weapon, or unlawful intentional attempting or threatening of serious injury or death with a deadly weapon
Aggravated Assault
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
unlawful entry of any fixed structure, vehicle, or vessel used for regular residence, industry, or business, with or without force, with the intent to commit a felony or larceny
Burglary
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away by stealth of property, other than a motor vehicle, from the possession of another
Larceny/Theft
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
unlawful taking, or attempted taking, of a self-propelled road vehicle owned by another, with the intent to deprive the owner of it permanently or temporarily
Motor-Vehicle Theft
Which type of offense is this (under UCR):
willful or malicious burning or attempted burning of property
Arson
What are some examples of motor-vehicle theft?
- automobiles
- trucks and buses
- other vehicles
What are the locations of robbery?
- highway
- commercial house
- gas or service station
- convenience store
- residence
- bank
- miscellaneous
What are the distinctions of burglary based on?
(1) type of structure
(2) time of day
